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Emancipation or Exploitation? Gender Liberation and Adult Musicals in 1970s New York

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References

  1. Anon.. ( 1969;), ‘ The theater: New musicals – A guide to Modcom. ’, Time, 3 October.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Anon.. ( 1971a;), ‘ Homo Libs Razz off-B'way Movie, get the bounce. ’, Variety, 13 January.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Anon.. ( 1971b;), ‘ Off-B'way Stag Movie Keeps Going: Still a Public for Porno Legit?. ’, Variety, 3 March.
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Anon.. ( 1974;), ‘ Show in “Village” Defended by Two: Mrs Friedan and Toffler back sexual musical. ’, New York Times, 24 December.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Atkinson, B.. ( 1990), Broadway [revised edition], New York:: Limelight;.
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  6. Bailey, B.. ( 1994), ‘ Sexual revolution(s). ’, in D. Farber. (ed.), The Sixties: From Memory to History, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press;, pp. 235–61.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Bailey, B.. ( 2004), ‘ She “Can Bring Home the Bacon”: Negotiating gender in seventies America. ’, in B. Bailey, and D. Farber. (eds), America in the Seventies, Lawrence: University Press of Kansas;, pp. 107–128.141
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Banham, M.. (ed.), ( 1995), The Cambridge Guide to Theatre, Cambridge:: Cambridge University Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Barnes, C.. ( 1969;), ‘ Theater: Oh, Calcutta! a most innocent dirty show. ’, New York Times, 18 June.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Barnes, C.. ( 1970;), ‘ The stage: Mod Donna. ’, New York Times, 4 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Barnes, C.. ( 1971;), ‘ Stage: 71 is off to a lamentable start. ’, New York Times, 4 January.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Baron, J.. ( 2005), personal communication, 14 September.
  13. Barrett, R.. ( 1973), First Your Money, Then Your Clothes: My Life and Oh! Calcutta!, New York:: Signet;.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Bemis, S. M.. ( 1987;), ‘ The difficulties facing feminist theater: The survival of at the foot of the mountain. ’, North Dakota Journal of Speech and Theatre, 1:1, pp. 1–6.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Bender, M.. ( 1970;), ‘ Women's liberation taking to the stage. ’, New York Times, 26 March.
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Bigsby, C. W. E.. ( 1985), A Critical Introduction to Twentieth-Century American Drama. III: Beyond Broadway, New York and London:: Cambridge University Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Boesing, M.. ( 1996;), ‘ Rushing headlong into the fire at the foot of the mountain. ’, Signs, 21:4, pp. 1011–1023.
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Bordman, G.. ( 2001), American Musical Theatre: A Chronicle, , 3rd ed.., New York:: Oxford University Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Bottoms, S. J.. ( 2004), Playing Underground: A Critical History of the 1960s Off-Off-Broadway Movement, Ann Arbor:: University of Michigan Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Brukenfeld, D.. ( 1970;), ‘ Off-Off-: Mod Donna. ’, Village Voice, 7 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Bryant, B.. ( 2005), personal communication, 3 July.
  22. Bunce, A.. ( 1969;), ‘ Stage: Erotic and otherwise. ’, Christian Science Monitor, 20 June.
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Canning, C.. ( 1993;), ‘ Constructing experience: Theorizing a feminist theatre history. ’, Theatre Journal, 45:4, December, pp. 529–540.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Carmines, A.. ( 1973;), ‘ Drama mailbag: Politics is not art. ’, New York Times, 9 July.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Carroll, P.. ( 1990), It Seemed Like Nothing Happened: America in the 1970s, New Jersey:: Rutgers University Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Columbus, T.. ( 2006), personal communication, 14 September.
  27. Corbett, J., and Kapsalis, T.. ( 1996;), ‘ Aural sex: The female orgasm in popular sound. ’, The Drama Review, 40:3, pp. 102–111.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Crespy, D. A.. ( 2003), Off-Off-Broadway Explosion: How Provocative Playwrights of the 1960s Ignited a New American Theater, New York:: Back Stage Books;.
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Davis, J.. ( 1969;), ‘ Stag show opens to the general public. ’, The Daily News, 18 June.
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Drutman, I.. ( 1966;), ‘ … Was Peter Brook its brain?. ’, New York Times, 9 January.
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Duberman, M.. ( 1973;), ‘ The gay life: Cartoon vs. reality?. ’, New York Times, 22 July.
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Duberman, M.. ( 1993), Stonewall, New York:: Dutton;.
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Dunbar, E.. ( 1969;), ‘ Levy of Oh! Calcutta!: A dropout makes it as a sex revolutionary. ’, Look, 26 August.142
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Echols, A.. ( 1994), ‘ Nothing distant about it: Women's liberation and sixties radicalism. ’, in D. Farber. (ed.), The Sixties: From Memory to History, Chapel Hill:: University of North Carolina Press;, pp. 149–174.
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Enten, B.. ( 2005), personal communication, 3 July.
  36. Genauer, E.. ( 1969;), ‘ Art and the artist. ’, New York Post, 21 June.
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Gitlin, T.. ( 1987), The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage, Toronto and New York:: Bantam Books;.
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Gornick, V.. ( 1970;), ‘ Who is fairest of them all?. ’, Village Voice, 28 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  39. Guernsey, O. L., Jr.. (ed.) ( 1969), The Best Plays of 1968–69, New York:: Dodd, Mead, Inc;.
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Gussow, M.. ( 1974;), ‘ Stage: More success than just blurbs – Let My People Come, a sexual musical. ’, New York Times, 7 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Gustavson, T.. ( 1973), ‘The Author Speaks’, clipping from unnamed publication, Billy Rose Theatre Collection, New York Public Library at Lincoln Center.
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Heidenry, J.. ( 1997), What Wild Ecstasy: The Rise and Fall of the Sexual Revolution, New York:: Simon and Schuster;.
     [Google Scholar]
  43. Hollinger, K.. ( 1998;), ‘ Theorizing mainstream female spectatorship: The case of the popular lesbian film. ’, Cinema Journal, 37:2, pp. 3–17.
     [Google Scholar]
  44. Horn, B. L.. ( 1991), The Age of Hair: Evolution and Impact of Broadway's First Rock Musical, Westport, Connecticut:: Greenwood Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  45. Kaiser, C.. ( 1997), The Gay Metropolis, 1940–1996, Boston:: Houghton Mifflin;.
     [Google Scholar]
  46. Karpel, C.. ( 1969), ‘ Oh! Calcutta!: No Penetration in Eden. ’, Village Voice, 15 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  47. Kauffmann, S.. ( 1979;), ‘ New York: The city and the theatre. ’, Theatre Quarterly, 8:32, pp. 34–40.
     [Google Scholar]
  48. Kerr, W.. ( 1969;), ‘ What can they do for an encore?. ’, New York Times, 2 February.
     [Google Scholar]
  49. Kerr, W.. ( 1970;), ‘ Is it true – Women hate women?. ’, New York Times, 10 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  50. Komisar, L.. ( 1970;), ‘ Drama Mailbag: Women are the victims. ’, New York Times, 31 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  51. Lamb, M.. ( 1970;), ‘ Mod Donna. ’, The International Socialist Review, 31:5, pp. 18–40.
     [Google Scholar]
  52. Lamb, M.. ( 2007), personal communication, 24 January.
  53. Lewis, E.. ( 1971;), ‘ Stag Movie is just an ambling vignette. ’, The Record, 4 January.
     [Google Scholar]
  54. Lingeman, R. R.. ( 1971;), ‘ I was an angel for Stag Movie. ’, New York Times, 14 February.
     [Google Scholar]
  55. Loughery, J.. ( 1998), The Other Side of Silence: Men's Lives and Gay Identities – A Twentieth-Century History, New York:: Henry Holt;.
     [Google Scholar]
  56. Marcus, E.. ( 1992), Making History: The Struggle for Gay and Lesbian Equal Rights, 1945–1990, New York:: HarperCollins;.
     [Google Scholar]
  57. Newburge, D.. ( 2006a), personal communication, 13 June.
  58. Newburge, D.. ( 2006b), personal communication, 13 July.
  59. O'Connor, J. J.. ( 1969;), ‘ Old message put to music. ’, Wall Street Journal, 25 September.
     [Google Scholar]
  60. Papp, J. (dir.). ( 1970), ‘An Audience Guide’, programme notes to Mod Donna, original off-Broadway production.
  61. Patrick, R.. ( 2005), personal communication, 8 February.
  62. Peachena. ( 2006), personal communication, 21 February.
  63. Pearl, B.. ( 2005), personal communication, 6 July.143
  64. Rea, C.. ( 1972;), ‘ Women's theater groups. ’, The Drama Review, 16:2, pp. 79–89.
     [Google Scholar]
  65. Reif, R.. ( 1983;), ‘ A 14th birthday for Broadway's long-running nude musical: Oh! Calcutta!. ’ Playbill, June, pp. 14–20.
     [Google Scholar]
  66. Rich, F.. ( 1989;), ‘ The asterisks of Oh! Calcutta!. ’, New York Times, 8 August.
     [Google Scholar]
  67. Tallmer, J.. ( 1969;), ‘ Tynan: A show for the thinking Voyeur. ’, New York Post, 9 April.
     [Google Scholar]
  68. Tallmer, J.. ( 1970;), ‘ And now … women's lib. ’, New York Post, 4 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  69. Tynan, K.. ( 1969;), ‘ Pornography? And is that bad?. ’, New York Times, 15 June.
     [Google Scholar]
  70. Valocchi, S.. ( 2001;), ‘ Individual identities, collective identities, and organizational structure: The relationship of the political left and gay liberation in the United States. ’, Sociological Perspectives, 44:4, pp. 445–467.
     [Google Scholar]
  71. Ward, J.. ( 2002), ‘Come In My Mouth: The Story of the Adult Musicals of the ‘70's’, http://www.furious.com/perfect/adultmusicals.html. Accessed 22 August 2022.
  72. Whitburn, J.. ( 2000), The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits, , 7th ed.., New York:: Billboard Books;.
     [Google Scholar]
  73. Wilson, E., Jr. ( 1974), Let My People Come: Original Cast Recording, CD, Libra:: LR 1069;.
     [Google Scholar]
  74. Wilson, E., Jr. ( 2005), personal communication, 22 June.
  75. Wollman, E. L.. ( 2006), The Theater Will Rock: A History of the Rock Musical, from Hair to Hedwig, Ann Arbor:: University of Michigan Press;.
     [Google Scholar]

References

  1. Anon.. ( 1969;), ‘ The theater: New musicals – A guide to Modcom. ’, Time, 3 October.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Anon.. ( 1971a;), ‘ Homo Libs Razz off-B'way Movie, get the bounce. ’, Variety, 13 January.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Anon.. ( 1971b;), ‘ Off-B'way Stag Movie Keeps Going: Still a Public for Porno Legit?. ’, Variety, 3 March.
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Anon.. ( 1974;), ‘ Show in “Village” Defended by Two: Mrs Friedan and Toffler back sexual musical. ’, New York Times, 24 December.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Atkinson, B.. ( 1990), Broadway [revised edition], New York:: Limelight;.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Bailey, B.. ( 1994), ‘ Sexual revolution(s). ’, in D. Farber. (ed.), The Sixties: From Memory to History, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press;, pp. 235–61.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Bailey, B.. ( 2004), ‘ She “Can Bring Home the Bacon”: Negotiating gender in seventies America. ’, in B. Bailey, and D. Farber. (eds), America in the Seventies, Lawrence: University Press of Kansas;, pp. 107–128.141
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Banham, M.. (ed.), ( 1995), The Cambridge Guide to Theatre, Cambridge:: Cambridge University Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Barnes, C.. ( 1969;), ‘ Theater: Oh, Calcutta! a most innocent dirty show. ’, New York Times, 18 June.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Barnes, C.. ( 1970;), ‘ The stage: Mod Donna. ’, New York Times, 4 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Barnes, C.. ( 1971;), ‘ Stage: 71 is off to a lamentable start. ’, New York Times, 4 January.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Baron, J.. ( 2005), personal communication, 14 September.
  13. Barrett, R.. ( 1973), First Your Money, Then Your Clothes: My Life and Oh! Calcutta!, New York:: Signet;.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Bemis, S. M.. ( 1987;), ‘ The difficulties facing feminist theater: The survival of at the foot of the mountain. ’, North Dakota Journal of Speech and Theatre, 1:1, pp. 1–6.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Bender, M.. ( 1970;), ‘ Women's liberation taking to the stage. ’, New York Times, 26 March.
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Bigsby, C. W. E.. ( 1985), A Critical Introduction to Twentieth-Century American Drama. III: Beyond Broadway, New York and London:: Cambridge University Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Boesing, M.. ( 1996;), ‘ Rushing headlong into the fire at the foot of the mountain. ’, Signs, 21:4, pp. 1011–1023.
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Bordman, G.. ( 2001), American Musical Theatre: A Chronicle, , 3rd ed.., New York:: Oxford University Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Bottoms, S. J.. ( 2004), Playing Underground: A Critical History of the 1960s Off-Off-Broadway Movement, Ann Arbor:: University of Michigan Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Brukenfeld, D.. ( 1970;), ‘ Off-Off-: Mod Donna. ’, Village Voice, 7 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Bryant, B.. ( 2005), personal communication, 3 July.
  22. Bunce, A.. ( 1969;), ‘ Stage: Erotic and otherwise. ’, Christian Science Monitor, 20 June.
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Canning, C.. ( 1993;), ‘ Constructing experience: Theorizing a feminist theatre history. ’, Theatre Journal, 45:4, December, pp. 529–540.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Carmines, A.. ( 1973;), ‘ Drama mailbag: Politics is not art. ’, New York Times, 9 July.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Carroll, P.. ( 1990), It Seemed Like Nothing Happened: America in the 1970s, New Jersey:: Rutgers University Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Columbus, T.. ( 2006), personal communication, 14 September.
  27. Corbett, J., and Kapsalis, T.. ( 1996;), ‘ Aural sex: The female orgasm in popular sound. ’, The Drama Review, 40:3, pp. 102–111.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Crespy, D. A.. ( 2003), Off-Off-Broadway Explosion: How Provocative Playwrights of the 1960s Ignited a New American Theater, New York:: Back Stage Books;.
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Davis, J.. ( 1969;), ‘ Stag show opens to the general public. ’, The Daily News, 18 June.
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Drutman, I.. ( 1966;), ‘ … Was Peter Brook its brain?. ’, New York Times, 9 January.
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Duberman, M.. ( 1973;), ‘ The gay life: Cartoon vs. reality?. ’, New York Times, 22 July.
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Duberman, M.. ( 1993), Stonewall, New York:: Dutton;.
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Dunbar, E.. ( 1969;), ‘ Levy of Oh! Calcutta!: A dropout makes it as a sex revolutionary. ’, Look, 26 August.142
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Echols, A.. ( 1994), ‘ Nothing distant about it: Women's liberation and sixties radicalism. ’, in D. Farber. (ed.), The Sixties: From Memory to History, Chapel Hill:: University of North Carolina Press;, pp. 149–174.
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Enten, B.. ( 2005), personal communication, 3 July.
  36. Genauer, E.. ( 1969;), ‘ Art and the artist. ’, New York Post, 21 June.
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Gitlin, T.. ( 1987), The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage, Toronto and New York:: Bantam Books;.
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Gornick, V.. ( 1970;), ‘ Who is fairest of them all?. ’, Village Voice, 28 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  39. Guernsey, O. L., Jr.. (ed.) ( 1969), The Best Plays of 1968–69, New York:: Dodd, Mead, Inc;.
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Gussow, M.. ( 1974;), ‘ Stage: More success than just blurbs – Let My People Come, a sexual musical. ’, New York Times, 7 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Gustavson, T.. ( 1973), ‘The Author Speaks’, clipping from unnamed publication, Billy Rose Theatre Collection, New York Public Library at Lincoln Center.
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Heidenry, J.. ( 1997), What Wild Ecstasy: The Rise and Fall of the Sexual Revolution, New York:: Simon and Schuster;.
     [Google Scholar]
  43. Hollinger, K.. ( 1998;), ‘ Theorizing mainstream female spectatorship: The case of the popular lesbian film. ’, Cinema Journal, 37:2, pp. 3–17.
     [Google Scholar]
  44. Horn, B. L.. ( 1991), The Age of Hair: Evolution and Impact of Broadway's First Rock Musical, Westport, Connecticut:: Greenwood Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  45. Kaiser, C.. ( 1997), The Gay Metropolis, 1940–1996, Boston:: Houghton Mifflin;.
     [Google Scholar]
  46. Karpel, C.. ( 1969), ‘ Oh! Calcutta!: No Penetration in Eden. ’, Village Voice, 15 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  47. Kauffmann, S.. ( 1979;), ‘ New York: The city and the theatre. ’, Theatre Quarterly, 8:32, pp. 34–40.
     [Google Scholar]
  48. Kerr, W.. ( 1969;), ‘ What can they do for an encore?. ’, New York Times, 2 February.
     [Google Scholar]
  49. Kerr, W.. ( 1970;), ‘ Is it true – Women hate women?. ’, New York Times, 10 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  50. Komisar, L.. ( 1970;), ‘ Drama Mailbag: Women are the victims. ’, New York Times, 31 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  51. Lamb, M.. ( 1970;), ‘ Mod Donna. ’, The International Socialist Review, 31:5, pp. 18–40.
     [Google Scholar]
  52. Lamb, M.. ( 2007), personal communication, 24 January.
  53. Lewis, E.. ( 1971;), ‘ Stag Movie is just an ambling vignette. ’, The Record, 4 January.
     [Google Scholar]
  54. Lingeman, R. R.. ( 1971;), ‘ I was an angel for Stag Movie. ’, New York Times, 14 February.
     [Google Scholar]
  55. Loughery, J.. ( 1998), The Other Side of Silence: Men's Lives and Gay Identities – A Twentieth-Century History, New York:: Henry Holt;.
     [Google Scholar]
  56. Marcus, E.. ( 1992), Making History: The Struggle for Gay and Lesbian Equal Rights, 1945–1990, New York:: HarperCollins;.
     [Google Scholar]
  57. Newburge, D.. ( 2006a), personal communication, 13 June.
  58. Newburge, D.. ( 2006b), personal communication, 13 July.
  59. O'Connor, J. J.. ( 1969;), ‘ Old message put to music. ’, Wall Street Journal, 25 September.
     [Google Scholar]
  60. Papp, J. (dir.). ( 1970), ‘An Audience Guide’, programme notes to Mod Donna, original off-Broadway production.
  61. Patrick, R.. ( 2005), personal communication, 8 February.
  62. Peachena. ( 2006), personal communication, 21 February.
  63. Pearl, B.. ( 2005), personal communication, 6 July.143
  64. Rea, C.. ( 1972;), ‘ Women's theater groups. ’, The Drama Review, 16:2, pp. 79–89.
     [Google Scholar]
  65. Reif, R.. ( 1983;), ‘ A 14th birthday for Broadway's long-running nude musical: Oh! Calcutta!. ’ Playbill, June, pp. 14–20.
     [Google Scholar]
  66. Rich, F.. ( 1989;), ‘ The asterisks of Oh! Calcutta!. ’, New York Times, 8 August.
     [Google Scholar]
  67. Tallmer, J.. ( 1969;), ‘ Tynan: A show for the thinking Voyeur. ’, New York Post, 9 April.
     [Google Scholar]
  68. Tallmer, J.. ( 1970;), ‘ And now … women's lib. ’, New York Post, 4 May.
     [Google Scholar]
  69. Tynan, K.. ( 1969;), ‘ Pornography? And is that bad?. ’, New York Times, 15 June.
     [Google Scholar]
  70. Valocchi, S.. ( 2001;), ‘ Individual identities, collective identities, and organizational structure: The relationship of the political left and gay liberation in the United States. ’, Sociological Perspectives, 44:4, pp. 445–467.
     [Google Scholar]
  71. Ward, J.. ( 2002), ‘Come In My Mouth: The Story of the Adult Musicals of the ‘70's’, http://www.furious.com/perfect/adultmusicals.html. Accessed 22 August 2022.
  72. Whitburn, J.. ( 2000), The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits, , 7th ed.., New York:: Billboard Books;.
     [Google Scholar]
  73. Wilson, E., Jr. ( 1974), Let My People Come: Original Cast Recording, CD, Libra:: LR 1069;.
     [Google Scholar]
  74. Wilson, E., Jr. ( 2005), personal communication, 22 June.
  75. Wollman, E. L.. ( 2006), The Theater Will Rock: A History of the Rock Musical, from Hair to Hedwig, Ann Arbor:: University of Michigan Press;.
     [Google Scholar]

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