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Tilting at Windmills: The Technicizing of Empathy

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References

  1. Archer, Dan and Finger, Katharine (2018), ‘Walking in virtual shoes: VR news stories and the empathetic response’, Columbia Journalism Review, March, https://www.cjr.org/tow_center_reports/virtual-reality-news-empathy.php. Accessed 9 July 2023.
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  3. Banakou, Domna, Beacco, Alejandro, Neyret, Solène, Blasco-Oliver, Marta, Seinfeld, Sofia and Slater, Mel (2020), ‘Virtual body ownership and its consequences for implicit racial bias are dependent on social context’, Royal Society Open Science, 7, https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/epdf/10.1098/rsos.201848. Accessed 8 October 2023.
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  5. Bazin, André (1967), What Is Cinema? (trans. H. Gray), Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
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  6. Bimbisar, Irom (2018), ‘Virtual reality and the Syrian refugee camps: Humanitarian communication and the politics of empathy’, International Journal of Communication, 12, pp. 4269–91.
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  7. Cervantes, Miguel de ([1605] 2011), Don Quixote (trans. J. Ormsby), Project Guttenberg, https://www.gutenberg.org/files/996/996-h/996-h.htm. Accessed 29 June 2024.
  8. Cizek, Kat and Uricchio, William (2019), Collective Wisdom: Co-Creating Media for Equity and Justice, Cambridge MA: The MIT Press, https://wip.mitpress.mit.edu/pub/collective-wisdom-part-1/release/3. Accessed 29 June 2024.
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  9. Court, Maria and Lerner, Rosemarie (2015), The Quipu Project, UK: Chaka Studio, https://interactive.quipu-project.com/#/en/quipu/intro. Accessed 29 June 2024.
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  10. Cowperthwaite, Gabriela (2013), Blackfish, USA: CNN Films, Many O Productions.
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  11. Curtis, Edward (1915), In the Land of the Head-hunters, USA: Seattle Film Company.
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  12. Dufresne, David and Brault, Philippe (2009), Prison Valley, France: ARTE, http://prisonvalley.arte.tv/?lang=en. Accessed 9 July 2024.
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  13. Elting, Morrison (1977), From Know-How to Nowhere: The Development of American Technology, New York: New American Library.
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  14. Graham, Peter (1964), ‘Cinéma-vérité in France’, Film Quarterly, 17:4, pp. 30–36.
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  15. Hall, Stuart (1985), ‘Signification, representation, ideology: Althusser and the post-structural debates’, Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 2:2, pp. 91–114.
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  18. Hudson, Dale and Zimmermann, Patricia (2015), Thinking Through Digital Media, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
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  19. Klapper, Joseph (1960), The Effects of Mass Communications, New York: The Free Press.
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  21. Leacock, Richard (2011), The Feeling of Being There: A Filmmaker's Memoir, Paris: Semeïon.
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  22. Lorde, Audre ([1984] 2018), The Master's Tools Will Never Dismantle the Master's House, New York: Penguin Classics.
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  24. Mamber, Steve (1974), Cinéma Vérité in America, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
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  25. Marcorelles, Louis (1963), ‘L'Expérience Leacock’, Cahiers du Cinéma (trans. J. Hillier), 22, p. 140, February.490
  26. Marks, Laura (2002), Touch: Sensuous Theory and Multisensory Media, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
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  27. McMillion, Elaine and the People of McDowell County (2011–), Hollow, Elaine McMillion Sheldon, Jeff Soyk, USA, http://hollowdocumentary.com. Accessed 29 July 2024.
  28. Milk, Chris (2015), ‘How virtual reality can create the ultimate empathy machine’, TED Talks, https://www.ted.com/talks/chris_milk_how_virtual_reality_can_create_the_ultimate_empathy_machine. Accessed 9 July 2023.
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  29. Murray, Janet (1997), Hamlet on the Holodeck: The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
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  30. Nakamuri, Lisa (2020), ‘Feeling good about feeling bad: Virtuous virtual reality and the automation of racial empathy’, Journal of Visual Culture, 19:1, pp. 47–64.
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  31. Peck, Tabatha C., Seinfeld, Sofia, Aglioti, Salvatore F. and Slater, Mel (2013), ‘Putting yourself in the skin of a black avatar reduces implicit racial bias’, Consciousness and Cognition, 22:3, pp. 779–87.
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  32. Pousman, Barry and Arora, Gabo (2015), Clouds over Sidra, USA: United Nations/Samsung, https://www.refugeecouncil.org.au/clouds-over-sidra/. Accessed 29 June 2024.
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  33. Rose, Mandy (2018), ‘The immersive turn: Hype and hope in the emergence of virtual reality as a nonfiction platform’, Studies in Documentary Film, 12:2, pp. 132–50.
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  34. Rothman, Joshua (2018), ‘Are we already living in virtual reality?’ The New Yorker, 26 March, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/04/02/are-we-already-living-in-virtual-reality. Accessed 9 July 2023.
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  35. Seinfeld, S., Arroyo-Palacios, J., Iruretagoyena, G., Hortensius, R., Zapata, L. E. and Borland, D. (2018), ‘Offenders become the victim in virtual reality: Impact of changing perspective in domestic violence’, Scientific Reports, 8, 2692.
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  36. Sussex, Elizabeth (1975), The Rise and Fall of British Documentary, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
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  37. Sutherland, Ivan (1968), ‘A head-mounted three-dimensional display’, Proceedings of AFIPS, 68, December, pp. 757–68.
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  38. Vertov, Dziga (1984), Kino-Eye: The Writings of Dziga Vertov (selected by Sergie Drobashenko, trans. Kevin O'Brien), Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  39. Winston, Brian (1995), Claiming the Real: The Griersonian Documentary and Its Legitimations, London: BFI.
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Winston, Brian (2019), Technologies of Seeing: Photography, Cinematography, Television, London: BFI.
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Winston, Brian and Winston, Matthew (2020), The Roots of Fake News, London: Routledge.
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Winston, Brian, Vanstone, Gail and Chi, Wang (2017), The Act of Documenting, New York: Bloomsbury.
     [Google Scholar]
  43. Wintonick, Peter (2013), ‘New platforms for Docmedia: “Variant of a Manifesto”’, in B. Winston (ed.), The Documentary Film Book, London: BFI/Palgrave, pp. 376–82.
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  44. Yee, N. and Bailenson, J. (2007), ‘The proteus effect: The effect of transformed self-representation on behavior’, Human Communication, 33, pp. 271–90.
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References

  1. Archer, Dan and Finger, Katharine (2018), ‘Walking in virtual shoes: VR news stories and the empathetic response’, Columbia Journalism Review, March, https://www.cjr.org/tow_center_reports/virtual-reality-news-empathy.php. Accessed 9 July 2023.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Bachmann, Gideon (1961), ‘The frontiers of realist cinema: The work of Ricky Leacock’, Film Culture, Summer, 19–23.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Banakou, Domna, Beacco, Alejandro, Neyret, Solène, Blasco-Oliver, Marta, Seinfeld, Sofia and Slater, Mel (2020), ‘Virtual body ownership and its consequences for implicit racial bias are dependent on social context’, Royal Society Open Science, 7, https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/epdf/10.1098/rsos.201848. Accessed 8 October 2023.
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Bandura, Albert, Ross, Dorothea and Ross, Sheila (1961), ‘Transmission of aggression through imitation of aggressive models’, Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 63, pp. 575–82.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Bazin, André (1967), What Is Cinema? (trans. H. Gray), Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Bimbisar, Irom (2018), ‘Virtual reality and the Syrian refugee camps: Humanitarian communication and the politics of empathy’, International Journal of Communication, 12, pp. 4269–91.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Cervantes, Miguel de ([1605] 2011), Don Quixote (trans. J. Ormsby), Project Guttenberg, https://www.gutenberg.org/files/996/996-h/996-h.htm. Accessed 29 June 2024.
  8. Cizek, Kat and Uricchio, William (2019), Collective Wisdom: Co-Creating Media for Equity and Justice, Cambridge MA: The MIT Press, https://wip.mitpress.mit.edu/pub/collective-wisdom-part-1/release/3. Accessed 29 June 2024.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Court, Maria and Lerner, Rosemarie (2015), The Quipu Project, UK: Chaka Studio, https://interactive.quipu-project.com/#/en/quipu/intro. Accessed 29 June 2024.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Cowperthwaite, Gabriela (2013), Blackfish, USA: CNN Films, Many O Productions.
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Curtis, Edward (1915), In the Land of the Head-hunters, USA: Seattle Film Company.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Dufresne, David and Brault, Philippe (2009), Prison Valley, France: ARTE, http://prisonvalley.arte.tv/?lang=en. Accessed 9 July 2024.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Elting, Morrison (1977), From Know-How to Nowhere: The Development of American Technology, New York: New American Library.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Graham, Peter (1964), ‘Cinéma-vérité in France’, Film Quarterly, 17:4, pp. 30–36.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Hall, Stuart (1985), ‘Signification, representation, ideology: Althusser and the post-structural debates’, Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 2:2, pp. 91–114.
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Hefland, Judith (2012), ‘As the thoughts of George Stoney rise up: Judith Hefland on long-time mentor George Stoney’, POV Blog, 1 August, http://archive.pov.org/blog/povdocs/2012/08/as-thoughts-of-george-rise-up-judith-helfand-on-long-time-mentor-george-stoney/. Accessed 8 October 2023.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Holm, Bill and Quimby, George (1980), Edward S. Curtis in the Land of the War Canoes, Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Hudson, Dale and Zimmermann, Patricia (2015), Thinking Through Digital Media, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Klapper, Joseph (1960), The Effects of Mass Communications, New York: The Free Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Labarthe, André and Marcorelles, Louis (1963), ‘Entretien avec Robert Drew et Richard Leacock’, Cahiers du Cinéma, 24, February, p. 140.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Leacock, Richard (2011), The Feeling of Being There: A Filmmaker's Memoir, Paris: Semeïon.
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Lorde, Audre ([1984] 2018), The Master's Tools Will Never Dismantle the Master's House, New York: Penguin Classics.
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Low, Colin (1968), Introduction to Fogo Island, Canada: National Film Board, https://www.nfb.ca/film/introduction_to_fogo_island/. Accessed 29 July 2024.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Mamber, Steve (1974), Cinéma Vérité in America, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Marcorelles, Louis (1963), ‘L'Expérience Leacock’, Cahiers du Cinéma (trans. J. Hillier), 22, p. 140, February.490
  26. Marks, Laura (2002), Touch: Sensuous Theory and Multisensory Media, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  27. McMillion, Elaine and the People of McDowell County (2011–), Hollow, Elaine McMillion Sheldon, Jeff Soyk, USA, http://hollowdocumentary.com. Accessed 29 July 2024.
  28. Milk, Chris (2015), ‘How virtual reality can create the ultimate empathy machine’, TED Talks, https://www.ted.com/talks/chris_milk_how_virtual_reality_can_create_the_ultimate_empathy_machine. Accessed 9 July 2023.
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Murray, Janet (1997), Hamlet on the Holodeck: The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Nakamuri, Lisa (2020), ‘Feeling good about feeling bad: Virtuous virtual reality and the automation of racial empathy’, Journal of Visual Culture, 19:1, pp. 47–64.
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Peck, Tabatha C., Seinfeld, Sofia, Aglioti, Salvatore F. and Slater, Mel (2013), ‘Putting yourself in the skin of a black avatar reduces implicit racial bias’, Consciousness and Cognition, 22:3, pp. 779–87.
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Pousman, Barry and Arora, Gabo (2015), Clouds over Sidra, USA: United Nations/Samsung, https://www.refugeecouncil.org.au/clouds-over-sidra/. Accessed 29 June 2024.
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Rose, Mandy (2018), ‘The immersive turn: Hype and hope in the emergence of virtual reality as a nonfiction platform’, Studies in Documentary Film, 12:2, pp. 132–50.
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Rothman, Joshua (2018), ‘Are we already living in virtual reality?’ The New Yorker, 26 March, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/04/02/are-we-already-living-in-virtual-reality. Accessed 9 July 2023.
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Seinfeld, S., Arroyo-Palacios, J., Iruretagoyena, G., Hortensius, R., Zapata, L. E. and Borland, D. (2018), ‘Offenders become the victim in virtual reality: Impact of changing perspective in domestic violence’, Scientific Reports, 8, 2692.
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Sussex, Elizabeth (1975), The Rise and Fall of British Documentary, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Sutherland, Ivan (1968), ‘A head-mounted three-dimensional display’, Proceedings of AFIPS, 68, December, pp. 757–68.
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Vertov, Dziga (1984), Kino-Eye: The Writings of Dziga Vertov (selected by Sergie Drobashenko, trans. Kevin O'Brien), Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  39. Winston, Brian (1995), Claiming the Real: The Griersonian Documentary and Its Legitimations, London: BFI.
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Winston, Brian (2019), Technologies of Seeing: Photography, Cinematography, Television, London: BFI.
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Winston, Brian and Winston, Matthew (2020), The Roots of Fake News, London: Routledge.
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Winston, Brian, Vanstone, Gail and Chi, Wang (2017), The Act of Documenting, New York: Bloomsbury.
     [Google Scholar]
  43. Wintonick, Peter (2013), ‘New platforms for Docmedia: “Variant of a Manifesto”’, in B. Winston (ed.), The Documentary Film Book, London: BFI/Palgrave, pp. 376–82.
     [Google Scholar]
  44. Yee, N. and Bailenson, J. (2007), ‘The proteus effect: The effect of transformed self-representation on behavior’, Human Communication, 33, pp. 271–90.
     [Google Scholar]

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