Skip to content
1981
Volume 46, Issue 2
  • ISSN: 0810-2686
  • E-ISSN: 2517-620X

Abstract

This article examines journalism ethics and identifying criminal suspects in Australian news coverage. This study builds off our previous research, which established that naming is so commonplace, it is occurring on a daily basis in the state of Victoria, even in cases with little public interest justification. A survey of 410 Australian news media professionals, as well as twelve semi-structured interviews, found journalists believe naming is an ethical decision, but it is not high on their agenda with naming treated as their default position. Media lawyers play a key role in newsroom naming practices with the legal strongly influencing what is deemed ethical. These findings are significant because it is the first empirical data from Australia and the findings are in stark contrast with news reporting practices in other countries. This article argues for stronger ethical guidelines in a digital news media environment where naming is now global and forever.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1386/ajr_00163_1
2024-10-31
2025-05-24
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. AAP (2020), ‘Australian Associated Press: Code of practice’, 2 September, https://www.aap.com.au/about-items/code-of-practice/. Accessed 1 July 2023.
  2. ABC (2011), ‘Editorial guidance note: Fair opportunity to respond’, ABC Editorial Policies, 12 December, https://www.abc.net.au/edpols/fair-opportunity-to-respond/13644784. Accessed 1 July 2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. ABC (2020), ‘Editorial guidance note: Removing online content’, ABC Editorial Policies, 1 December, https://www.abc.net.au/edpols/removing-online-content/13645942. Accessed 1 July 2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. ABC (2023), ‘Editorial policies’, https://www.abc.net.au/edpols/policies. Accessed 1 July 2023.
  5. Anon. (2018), virtual communication with Francis Siebert, editor-in-chief, Le Journal Le Nord, Edmonton, 8 July.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Australian Press Council (2023), ‘Standards: Statement of privacy principles’, https://presscouncil.org.au/standards/statement-of-principles. Accessed 30 June 2023.
  7. Bramwell, O. (2013), ‘A delicate balancing act: Data retention, individual privacy and the right to be forgotten in the digital age’, Media and Arts Law Review, 18:2, pp. 12550.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Brand, J. and Pearson, M. (2001), ‘The newsroom vs the lounge room: Journalists’ and audiences’ views on news’, Australian Journalism Review, 23:2, pp. 6389.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. CBC/Radio-Canada (2018), ‘Journalistic standards and practices: Court reporting’, 17 April, https://cbc.radio-canada.ca/en/vision/governance/journalistic-standards-and-practices/court-reporting. Accessed 30 June 2023.
  10. Clifford, K. and White, R. (2017), Media and Crime: Content, Context and Consequence, South Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Cosh, C. (2015), ‘A newspaperman argues against reporting of the news’, X, 2 December, https://x.com/colbycosh/status/672060739440533504. Accessed 30 June 2023.
  12. Couldry, N. and Curran, J. (2003), Contesting Media Power: Alternative Media in a Networked World, Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Curran, J. and Park, M.-J. (2005), De-Westernizing Media Studies, New York: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. EthicNet (2016a), ‘Netherlands: Guidelines from the Netherlands Press Council’, http://www.ethicnet.uta.fi/netherlands/guidelines_from_the_netherlands_press_council. Accessed 10 February 2016.
  15. EthicNet (2016b), ‘Sweden: Code of ethics for the press, radio and television’, http://www.ethicnet.uta.fi/sweden/code_of_ethics_for_the_press_radio_and_television. Accessed 10 February 2016.
  16. Fourie, P. J. (2008), ‘Ubuntuism as a framework for South African media practice and performance: Can it work?’, Communicatio: South African Journal for Communication Theory & Research, 34:1, pp. 5379.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Frantziou, E. (2014), ‘Further developments in the right to be forgotten: The European Court of Justice’s judgment in case C-131/12, Google Spain, SL, Google Inc v Agencia Espanola de Proteccion de Datos’, Human Rights Law Review, 14:4, pp. 76177.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Frost, C. (2016), Journalism Ethics and Regulation, New York: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Fullerton, R. S. and Patterson, M. J. (2021), Murder in Our Midst: Comparing Crime Coverage Ethics in an Age of Globalized News, New York: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Gee, M. (2015), Margaret Gee’s Australian Media Guide, North Melbourne: Crown Content.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Glasser, T. L. and Craft, S. (1996), ‘Public journalism and the prospects for press accountability’, Journal of Mass Media Ethics, 11:3, pp. 15258.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Gregory, P. (2005), Court Reporting in Australia, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Hallin, D. C. and Mancini, P. (2004), Comparing Media Systems: Three Models of Media and Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Hanusch, F. (2008), ‘Mapping Australian journalism culture: Results from a survey of journalists role perceptions’, Australian Journalism Review, 30:2, pp. 97109.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Harcup, T. (2007), The Ethical Journalist, London: Sage Publications.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Henningham, J. (1996), ‘Australian journalists’ professional and ethical values’, Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 73:1, pp. 20618.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Hess, K. and Waller, L. (2013), ‘News judgements: A critical examination of reporting non-convictions for minor crimes’, Australian Journalism Review, 35:1, pp. 5970.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Jewkes, Y. (2015), Media and Crime, London: Sage Publications.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Josephi, B. and Richards, I. (2012), ‘The Australian journalist in the 21st century’, in D. H. Weaver and L. Willnat (eds), The Global Journalist in the 21st Century, New York: Routledge, pp. 11525.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Lillebuen, S., Lidberg, J. and Chubb, P. (2016), ‘Suspect identified: Revisiting naming practices in crime coverage’, Australian Journalism Review, 38:1, pp. 4557.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. McCarten, J. (ed.) (2021), The Canadian Press Stylebook: A Guide for Writers and Editors, 19th ed., Toronto: The Canadian Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. McGoldrick, D. (2013), ‘Developments in the right to be forgotten’, Human Rights Law Review, 13:4, pp. 76176.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. McMane, A. A. (1993), ‘Ethical standards of French and U.S. newspaper journalists’, Journal of Mass Media Ethics, 8:4, pp. 20718.
    [Google Scholar]
  34. MEAA (2023), ‘Media Entertainment and Arts Alliance: Journalists’ code of ethics’, https://www.meaa.org/meaa-media/code-of-ethics/. Accessed 1 July 2023.
  35. Moore, M. and Tambini, D. (2018), Digital Dominance: The Power of Google, Amazon, Facebook, and Apple, New York: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Neuman, L. W. (2013), Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, Sydney: Pearson.
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Newman, N. (2009), The Rise of Social Media and Its Impact on Mainstream Journalism, Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism.
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Nicholson, M., Zion, L. and Lowden, D. (2011), ‘A profile of Australian sport journalists (revisited)’, Media International Australia, 140:1, pp. 8496.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. North, L. (2012), ‘“Blokey” newsrooms still a battleground for female journalists’, Australian Journalism Review, 34:2, pp. 5770.
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Örnebring, H. and Mellado, C. (2018), ‘Valued skills among journalists: An exploratory comparison of six European nations’, Journalism, 19:4, pp. 44563.
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Parsons, P. R. and Smith, W. E. (1988), ‘R. Budd Dwyer: A case study in newsroom decision making’, Journal of Mass Media Ethics, 3:1, pp. 8494.
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Patton, M. Q. (2002), Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods, London: Sage Publications.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Pearson, M. and Polden, M. (2019), The Journalist’s Guide to Media Law: A Handbook for Communicators in a Digital World, Sydney: Allen & Unwin.
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Phillips, A. (2010), ‘Old sources: New bottles’, in N. Fenton (ed.), New Media, Old News: Journalism and Democracy in the Digital Age, Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publications, pp. 87101.
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Plaisance, P. L. (2010), ‘The ethos of “getting the story”’, in C. Meyers (ed.), Journalism Ethics: A Philosophical Approach, Toronto: Oxford University Press, pp. 30110.
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Richards, I. (2005), Quagmires and Quandaries: Exploring Journalism Ethics, Sydney: University of New South Wales Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Siebert, F. (2015), ‘Why Le Journal Le Nord stopped publishing the names of people accused or convicted of a crime’, J-Source: The Canadian Journalism Project, 30 November, http://www.j-source.ca/article/why-le-journal-le-nord-stopped-publishing-names-of-people-accused-or-convicted-of-a-crime. Accessed 30 June 2023.
  48. Siebert, F. (2018), communication via email with S. Lillebuen, 8 July.
  49. SJF (2023), ‘Professional ethics: Publicity rules’, https://www.sjf.se/yrkesfragor/yrkesetik/spelregler-press-radio-och-tv/publicitetsregler. Accessed 30 June 2023.
  50. Staples, D. (2015), ‘Well, you wouldn’t want a newspaper full of micro-aggressions that might upset criminals’, X, 2 December, https://x.com/DavidStaplesYEG/status/672061175165665281. Accessed 30 June 2023.
  51. Tuchman, G. (1978), Making News: A Study in Construction of Reality, New York: The Free Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Waller, L. and Clifford, K. (2023), ‘Courts and the media’, in M. Camilleri and A. Harkness (eds), Australian Courts: Controversies, Challenges and Change, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 7389.
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Waller, L. and Hess, K. (2011), ‘The pillory effect: Media the courts and the punitive role of public shaming in Australia’, Media and Arts Law Review, 16:3, pp. 22940.
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Weaver, D. (2008), ‘Methods of journalism research: Surveys’, in M. Loffelholz and D. Weaver (eds), Global Journalism Research: Theories, Methods, Findings, Future, Singapore: Blackwell Publishing, pp. 10616.
    [Google Scholar]
  55. Weibull, L. and Börjesson, B. (1992), ‘The Swedish media accountability system: A research perspective’, European Journal of Communication, 7:1, pp. 12139.
    [Google Scholar]
  56. Willems, T. and van Dooren, W. (2012), ‘Coming to terms with accountability’, Public Management Review, 14:7, pp. 101136.
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1386/ajr_00163_1
Loading
/content/journals/10.1386/ajr_00163_1
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a success
Invalid data
An error occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test