Linking national policies with school and teacher education programmes: A case of civics and citizenship education in South Africa

References

1. Arnott, M.. ( 1997;), ‘ Gendered citizenry: New feminist perspective on citizenship and education. ’, British Educational Research Journal, 3:3, pp. 275–95.
   [Google Scholar]
2. Bacchi, C.. ( 2009), Analysing Policy: What’s the Problem Represented to Be?, Melbourne:: Pearson Australia;.
   [Google Scholar]
3. Badat, S.. ( 2009;), ‘ The challenges of education and development in twenty-first century South Africa. ’, 15th Annual Conference of the Headmasters of the Traditional State Boy’s Schools of South Africa, Queens College, Queenstown, Australia, 26 August.
   [Google Scholar]
4. Bellamy, R., and Castiglione, D.. ( 2013;), ‘ Three models of democracy, political community and representation in the EU. ’, Journal of European Public Policy, 20:2, pp. 206–23.
   [Google Scholar]
5. Biesta, G. J. J.. ( 2008;), ‘ What kind of citizen? What kind of democracy? Citizenship education and the Scottish curriculum for excellence. ’, Scottish Educational Review, 40:2, pp. 38–52.
   [Google Scholar]
6. Bratton, M.,, Mattes, R., and Gyimah-Boadi, E.. ( 2004), Public Opinion, Democracy, and Market Reform in Africa, Cambridge:: Cambridge University Press;.
   [Google Scholar]
7. Christofides, A.. ( 2012), Viva Life Orientation: Learner’s Book Grade 11, Cape Town:: Viva Publishers and Book Sellers;.
   [Google Scholar]
8. Cunningham, S., and Lavalette, M.. ( 2004;), ‘ Active citizens or irresponsible truants? School strikes against the war. ’, Critical Social Policy, 24:2, pp. 255–69.
   [Google Scholar]
9. Davies, L.. ( 2001;), ‘ Citizenship education and contradictions. ’, British Journal of Sociology of Education, 22:2, pp. 299–308.
   [Google Scholar]
10. Department of Education ( 1995), White Paper on Education and Training, Pretoria:: Government Printer;.
    [Google Scholar]
11. Department of Education ( 1996), South African Schools Act, Number 86, Pretoria:: Government Printers;.
    [Google Scholar]
12. Department of Education ( 1997), Government Gazette No 18051: Curriculum 2005: A Discussion Document, Pretoria:: Government Printer;.
    [Google Scholar]
13. Department of Education ( 1999), Guides for Representative Councils of Learners, Pretoria:: Government Printers;.
    [Google Scholar]
14. Department of Education ( 2001a), Manifesto on Values, Education and Democracy: Special Schools Supplement, Pretoria:: Government Printer;.
    [Google Scholar]
15. Department of Education ( 2001b), Report on the Working of Values Education, Pretoria:: Government Printers;.
    [Google Scholar]
16. Department of Education ( 2003), Revised National Curriculum Statement: Grades R–9 (Schools), Teacher’s Guide for the Development of Learning Programmes Policy Guidelines: Life Orientation, Pretoria:: Government Printer;.
    [Google Scholar]
17. Department of Education ( 2011a), National Curriculum Statement (NCS) Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement: Intermediate Phase: Grades 4–6: Life Skills, Pretoria:: Government Printer;.
    [Google Scholar]
18. Department of Education ( 2011b), National Curriculum Statement (NCS) Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement: Senior Phase: Grades 7–9: Life Orientation, Pretoria:: Government Printer;.
    [Google Scholar]
19. Department of Education ( 2011c), National Curriculum Statement (NCS) Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement: Further Education and Training Phase: Grades 10–12: Life Orientation, Pretoria:: Government Printer;.
    [Google Scholar]
20. Dilley, L.,, Clitheroe, F.,, Botharo, J.,, Visser, P.,, Engelbretcht, B.,, Perez, N.,, Falken, J., and Lundal, B.. ( 2006), Oxford Successful Life Orientation Learner’s Book: Grade 12, Cape Town:: Oxford University Press Southern Africa;.
    [Google Scholar]
21. Enslin, P.. ( 2003;), ‘ Citizenship education in post-apartheid South Africa. ’, Cambridge Journal of Education, 33:1, pp. 73–83.
    [Google Scholar]
22. Fairclough, N.. ( 1989), Language and Power, London and New York:: Longman;.
    [Google Scholar]
23. Fairclough, N.. ( 1992), Discourse and Social Change, Cambridge:: Polity Press;.
    [Google Scholar]
24. Fairclough, N.. ( 1995), Critical Discourse Analysis, London:: Longman;.
    [Google Scholar]
25. Finkel, S. E., and Ernst, H. R.. ( 2005;), ‘ Civics education in post-apartheid South Africa: Alternative paths to the development of political knowledge and democratic values. ’, Political Psychology, 26:3, pp. 333–64.
    [Google Scholar]
26. Gibson, J., and Gouws, A.. ( 2003), Overcoming Intolerance in South Africa: Experiments in Democratic Persuasion, Cambridge:: Cambridge University Press;.
    [Google Scholar]
27. Gibson, N.. ( 2001;), ‘ Transition from apartheid. ’, Journal of Asian & African Studies, 36:1, pp. 65–85.
    [Google Scholar]
28. Hammett, D., and Staeheli, L. A.. ( 2009), Citizenship Education in South Africa, ESRC, https://era.ed.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1842/3202/Final%20school%20report.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. Accessed 14 February 2020.
    [Google Scholar]
29. Held, D.. ( 2006), Models of Democracy, , 3rd ed.., Stanford, CA:: Stanford University and Redwood Press;.
    [Google Scholar]
30. Lawson, H.. ( 2001;), ‘ Active citizenship in schools and community. ’, The Curriculum Journal, 12:2, pp. 163–78.
    [Google Scholar]
31. Markell, P.. ( 2006;), ‘ The rule of people: Arendt, arche and democracy. ’, American Political Science Review, 100:1, pp. 1–14.
    [Google Scholar]
32. Mathebula, P. T.. ( 2009;), ‘ Citizenship education in South Africa: A critique of post-apartheid citizenship education policy. ’, Ph.D. thesis, Johannesburg:: School of Education and University of the Witwatersrand;.
    [Google Scholar]
33. Mattes, R.. ( 2002;), ‘ South Africa: Democracy without the people?. ’, Journal of Democracy, 13:1, pp. 22–35.
    [Google Scholar]
34. Mattes, R., and Bratton, M.. ( 2007;), ‘ Learning democracy in Africa: Performance, awareness and experience. ’, American Journal of Political Science, 51:1, pp. 192–217.
    [Google Scholar]
35. Mattes, R.,, Denemark, D., and Niemi, R. G.. ( 2012;), ‘ Learning democracy? Civic education in South Africa’s first post-apartheid generation. ’, paper presented at the: 7th General Conference of the European Consortium for Political Research, Bordeaux, France, 7 September, https://ecpr.eu/filestore/paperproposal/94433159-0d26-46be-b7a2-7207b087a1f5.pdf. Accessed 14 February 2020.
    [Google Scholar]
36. Mattes, R.,, Taylor, D.,, McDonald, D.,, Poore, A., and Richmond, W.. ( 2000;), ‘ South African attitudes to immigrants and immigration. ’, in D. McDonald. (ed.), On Borders: Perspectives on International Migration in Southern Africa, New York and Ontario:: St. Martin’s Press and Kingston and Southern African Migration Project;, pp. 196–218.
    [Google Scholar]
37. Mattes, R., and Thiel, H.. ( 1998;), ‘ Consolidation and public opinion in South Africa. ’, Journal of Democracy, 9:1, pp. 95–110.
    [Google Scholar]
38. McLaughlin, T. H.. ( 1992;), ‘ Citizenship, diversity and education: A philosophical perspective. ’, Journal of Moral Education, 21:3, pp. 235–50.
    [Google Scholar]
39. Nicola, R.,, Pressler, R.,, Farhangpour, P.,, Iyer, S.,, Roux, L.,, Summers, H., and Rentel, J.. ( 2013), Solutions for All: Life Orientation: Learner’s Book Grade 9, Gauteng:: Macmillan South Africa;.
    [Google Scholar]
40. Nussbaum, M.. ( 2006;), ‘ Education for democratic citizenship. ’, in M. Nussbaum. (ed.), Institute of Social Studies Public Lecture Series 2006, No. 1, The Hague:: Institute of Social Studies;, pp. 1–17.
    [Google Scholar]
41. Olssen, M.. ( 2004;), ‘ From the Crick Report to the Parekh Report: Multiculturalism, cultural difference and democracy – The revision of citizenship education. ’, British Journal of Sociology of Education, 25:2, pp. 179–92.
    [Google Scholar]
42. Pearson, M.. ( 2011), Viva Life Orientation: Learner’s Book Grade 10, Cape Town:: Viva Publishers and Book Sellers;.
    [Google Scholar]
43. Republic of South Africa ( 1996a), The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Pretoria:: Government Printer;.
    [Google Scholar]
44. Republic of South Africa ( 1996b), Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Act No. 108, Pretoria:: Government Printer;.
    [Google Scholar]
45. Republic of South Africa ( 1996c), South African Schools Act, Act No. 84, Pretoria:: Government Printer;.
    [Google Scholar]
46. Republic of South Africa ( 1996d), National Education Policy Act, Act No. 27, Pretoria:: Government Printer;.
    [Google Scholar]
47. Rooth, E.,, Stielau, J.,, Plantagie, M., and Maponyane, K. A.. ( 2006), Focus on Life Orientation Grade 11, Cape Town:: Maskew Miller Longman;.
    [Google Scholar]
48. Rooth, E.,, Vethe, B.,, Steenkemp, S.,, Mahuluhulu, S.,, Ramzam, A.,, Sweshoka, A., and Eyssell, E.. ( 2014), Focus on Life Orientation Grade 12, Cape Town:: Maskew Miller Longman;.
    [Google Scholar]
49. Sears, A., and Hughes, A.. ( 2006;), ‘ Citizenship: Education or indoctrination?. ’, Citizenship Teaching & Learning, 2:2, pp. 3–17.
    [Google Scholar]
50. Sigauke, A. T.. ( 2011a;), ‘ Citizenship and citizenship education: A critical discourse analysis of the Zimbabwe presidential commission report. ’, Journal of Education, Citizenship & Social Justice, 6:1, pp. 69–86.
    [Google Scholar]
51. Sigauke, A. T.. ( 2011b;), ‘ Teachers’ views on citizenship education in Zimbabwe. ’, International Journal of Citizenship, Teaching & Learning, 6:3, pp. 269–85.
    [Google Scholar]
52. Sigauke, A. T.. ( 2017a), Sociological Foundations of Education, Stavanger:: Department of Early Childhood Education and School of Education;.
    [Google Scholar]
53. Sigauke, A. T.. ( 2017b), Sociology of Education, Stavanger:: Professional Studies Department and School of Education;.
    [Google Scholar]
54. Waghid, Y.. ( 2004;), ‘ Compassion, citizenship and education in South Africa: An opportunity for transformation?. ’, International Review of Education, 50:5&6, pp. 525–42.
    [Google Scholar]
55. Westheimer, J., and Kahne, J.. ( 2004;), ‘ What kind of citizenship? The politics of education for democracy. ’, American Educational Research Journal, 41:2, pp. 1–26.
    [Google Scholar]
56. Sigauke, Aaron. ( 2020;), ‘ Linking national policies with school and teacher education programmes: A case of civics and citizenship education in South Africa. ’, Citizenship Teaching & Learning, 15:1, pp. 25–43, doi: https://doi.org/10.1386/ctl_00018_1
    [Google Scholar]