Differences in psychological well-being between choristers and non-choristers in older adults

To date, several studies from a variety of fields have demonstrated how musical behaviours such as singing or listening provide multiple benefits on well-being and health. The purpose of the current study was to examine the differences in psychological well-being (PWB) between older adult amateur choristers and non-choristers. The participants comprised 496 men and women who ranged in age between 64 and 78 years. They were distributed into two groups according to whether they participated or not in a choir. Participants completed a Spanish adaptation of the Ryff well-being psychological scales using a six-point Likert scale. This instrument evaluates self-acceptance, positive relationships, autonomy, environmental management, personal growth and purpose in life. The results showed that improved PWB was greatest for choristers. The most positive variables of PWB for the chorister group included personal growth, environmental management and positive relationships. Women reported greater improvements in PWB than men, and they perceived positive relationships, personal growth and self-acceptance as the most positive variables. Implications for the use of choirs in older adults are examined and limitations of the study are discussed.