Skip to content
1981
Class and Theatre
  • ISSN: 2634-1123
  • E-ISSN: 2634-1131

Abstract

This article establishes the importance of ‘class melancholia’ as a new critical tool for theatre and performance studies, which can be deployed to understand issues of class, gentrification and regional decline, and also applied to debates about right-wing populism. Class melancholia contends that neo-liberalism has sought to erase the organized working class from contemporary life and replaced it with ‘entrepreneurial’ forms of selfhood that validate middle-class modes of property accumulation, both actual and cultural. Conversely, the middle class cannot validate themselves without continual reference to a spectre-like working class. Utilizing a single case study, (2022), the article argues that theatre can become what Jonathan Flatley calls an ‘affective map’, which helps locate the problem of a society that has failed to acknowledge the social devastation wrought by deindustrialization. Dwelling on loss does not signal apathy or political indifference; rather, it becomes its own political currency: loss is the affective mode of understanding the social origins of current symptoms (lack of social housing, Brexit, populism). The article contends that dwelling on loss can provide a path to renewed energy: a mechanism for provoking heightened interest in change. The article is productive in its attention to how melancholia can act as a mode of attention, an act of solidarity, that, in Walter Benjamin’s words ‘arms one’ instead of ‘causing sorrow’.

Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • AHRC (Award AH/W005999/1)
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1386/jclc_00064_1
2025-12-29
2026-04-20

Metrics

Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Adorno, Theodor (1997), Aesthetic Theory, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Ahmed, Sara (2013), The Cultural Politics of Emotion, London: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Ansell, Ben and Adler, David (2019), ‘Brexit and the politics of housing in Britain’, Political Quarterly, 90:S2, pp. 10516, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-923x.12621.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. BBC (2019), ‘General election 2019: Labour seats fall in South Yorkshire’, BBC News, 13 December, https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2019-50770596. Accessed 15 November 2024.
  5. Benjamin, Walter (1999), The Arcades Project, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Berardi, Franco (2011), After the Future, Edinburgh: AK Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Beswick, Katie (2019), Social Housing in Performance: The English Council Estate On and Off Stage, London: Bloomsbury.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Bush, Chris (2022), Standing at the Sky’s Edge, London: Nick Hern.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Butler, Judith (2025), ‘This is wrong: Judith Butler on Executive Order 14168’, London Review of Books, 47:6, https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v47/n06/judith-butler/this-is-wrong. Accessed 4 April 2025.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Collier, Paul (2024), Left Behind: A New Economics for Neglected Places, London: Hachette.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Cruz, Cynthia (2021), Melancholia of Class: A Manifesto for the Working Class, London: Repeater Books.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Cumber, Robert (2023), ‘Park Hill: The Sheffield estate celebrated in song with glorious views and stark reminder of its past’, Sheffield Star, 12 June, https://www.thestar.co.uk/news/people/park-hill-the-sheffield-estate-celebrated-in-song-with-glorious-views-and-stark-reminder-of-its-past-4170028. Accessed 14 August 2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Diski, Jenny (1992), ‘Diary: Three whole weeks alone’, London Review of Books, 14:10, https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v14/n10/jenny-diski/diary. Accessed 12 October 2024.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Edric, Robert (2022), My Own Worst Enemy: Scenes of A Childhood, London: Swift.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Electronically yours with Martyn Ware (2020), ‘Episode 1: Richard Hawley’, Apple Podcasts, UK, 11 December, https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/electronically-yours-with-martyn-ware/id1542104367. Accessed 5 October 2024.
  16. Fisher, Mark (2014), Ghosts of My Life: Writings on Depression, Hauntology and Lost Futures, London: Zero.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Our Friends in the North (1996, UK: BBC Two).
  18. Flatley, Jonathan (2008), Affective Mapping: Melancholia and the Politics of Modernism, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Gilson, Erinn (2013), The Ethics of Vulnerability: A Feminist Analysis of Social Life and Practice, London: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Sherwood (2022, UK: BBC One).
  21. Hanley, Lynsey (2017), Estates, 2nd ed., London: Granta.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Hanley, Lynsey (2019), ‘Britain needs decent new council houses – not just musicals about them’, The Guardian, 3 April, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/apr/03/britain-needs-new-council-houses-sheffield. Accessed 5 September 2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Harris, John (2022), ‘The death of the department store’, The Guardian, 10 February, https://www.theguardian.com/business/2022/feb/10/the-death-of-the-department-store-john-lewis-coles-sheffield. Accessed 23 October 2024.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Harris, John (2023), ‘Almost 40 years on, the miners’ strike still casts a long shadow over UK politics today’, The Guardian, 27 August https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/aug/27/40-years-miners-strike-long-shadow-uk-politics-pit-closures. Accessed 29 August 2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Hatherley, Owen (2017), ‘“They say a town is just a town, full stop, but what do they know?”: Architecture, urbanism and pop in Sheffield’, Popular Music History, 10:1, pp. 3045, https://doi.org/10.1558/pomh.32554.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Hawley, Richard (2005), ‘Coles Corner’, Coles Corner, CD, UK: Mute Records.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Hawley, Richard (2007a), ‘Our Darkness’, Lady’s Bridge, CD, UK: Mute Records.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Hawley, Richard (2007b), ‘Tonight the Streets Are Ours’, Lady’s Bridge, CD, UK: Mute Records.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Hawley, Richard (2009), ‘As The Dawn Breaks’, Truelove’s Gutter, CD, UK: Mute Records.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Hawley, R. (2012), ‘Standing At The Sky’s Edge’, Standing at the Sky’s Edge, CD, UK: Parlophone.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Hawley, Richard (2019b), ‘Time Is’, Further, CD, UK: BGM Rights Management.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Hawley, Richard (2023), ‘In conversation with Richard Hawley – episode 5: “Tonight the Streets are Ours”’, YouTube, 31 October, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QzKlG9hNkqI. Accessed 17 September 2024.
  33. Mastertapes (2019), BBC Radio 4, Sheffield, 22 April, 11:00-12:00 p.m, https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m0004f0s. Accessed 3 November 2024.
  34. National Theatre (2023), ‘Standing at the Sky’s Edge: Sheffield Born and Bred with Rachael Wooding, National Theatre’, YouTube, 8 March, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H49G24YAno0. Accessed 3 June 2024.
  35. Niven, Alex (2023), The North Will Rise Again: In Search of the Future in Northern Heartlands, London: Bloomsbury.
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Phillips, Adam (2015), ‘Against self-criticism’, London Review of Books, 37:5, pp. 1316.
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Reay, Dianne (2005), ‘Thinking class, making class’, British Journal of Sociology of Education, 26:1, pp. 13943, https://doi.org/10.1080/0142569042000305496.
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Sillitoe, David (2014), ‘The utopian estate that’s been left to die’, The Guardian, 3 March, https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/the-camera-eye/2014/mar/05/park-hill-sheffield-utopian-estate-left-to-die. Accessed 3 July 2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Skeggs, Bev (2005), ‘The making of class and gender through visualizing moral subject formation’, Sociology, 39:5, pp. 96582, https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038505058381.
    [Google Scholar]
  40. The Way (2024, UK: BBC One).
  41. Todd, Selina (2014), The People: The Rise and Fall of the Working Class, 1910–2010, London: Hachette UK.
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Wiegand, Chris (2018), ‘Richard Hawley writes musical about Sheffield’s Park Hill estate’, The Guardian, 2 March, https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2018/mar/02/richard-hawley-musical-sheffield-crucible-park-hill-estate. Accessed 2 June 2023.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Williams, Raymond (1977), Marxism and Literature, London: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1386/jclc_00064_1
Loading
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a success
Invalid data
An error occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test