Artificial intelligence: The blind spot of info-communication platform policy-making and regulation in Latin America | Intellect Skip to content
1981
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Journal of Digital Media & Policy
  4. Volume 14, Issue 2
  5. Article
Emerging Debates on Internet Platform Policy and Regulation in Latin America
  • ISSN: 2516-3523
  • E-ISSN: 2516-3531

Abstract

The social dimension of artificial intelligence is a strategic line of research that has been barely addressed to date in relation to information and communication technology policy-making. Debates on new expert information systems have generally revolved around taxation, content moderation, security, privacy and transparency, in addition to new forms of assessment that artificial intelligence assumes in platform capitalism. The existing theoretical and regulatory gaps require, however, a comprehensive approach to the economic, political, philosophical, geopolitical and ecological aspects of communication in the relations between states, international bodies and global corporations. Accordingly, the aim here is to review the state of the art of policy-making on artificial intelligence in Latin America as well as to draw a number of parallels with the current situation in the European Union for the purpose of performing an exploratory analysis on the main regulatory challenges facing public policy-makers from a practical and theoretical perspective.

Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Department of Journalism I. University of Seville
© 2023 Intellect Ltd
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1386/jdmp_00119_1
2023-07-18
2023-09-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Aguerre, C., and Tarullo, R.. ( 2021;), ‘ Desenredando la resistencia: configuraciones de activismo de datos en la sociedad civil latinoamericana. ’, Palabra Clave, 24:3, p. e2435, https://doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2021.24.3.5.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) ( 2018), ‘ The Santa Clara principles on transparency and accountability in content moderation’, Electronic Frontier Foundation, Center for Democracy & Technology, New America’s Open Technology Institute;, https://santaclaraprinciples.org/. Accessed 20 August 2022.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Anon. ( 2022;), ‘ CELAC firma plan conjunto de acción con China en áreas clave como 5G. ’, DPL News , 12 January, https://dplnews.com/celac-firma-plan-conjunto-de-accion-con-china-en-areas-clave-como-5g/. Accessed 20 November 2022.
  4. Barredo, D.,, De la Garza, D.,, Torres, A., and López López, P.. ( 2021;), ‘ Inteligencia artificial, comunicación y democracia en América Latina: una revisión de los casos de Colombia, Ecuador y México. ’, El profesional de la información, 30:6, https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2021.nov.16.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Borovinsky, T.. ( 2022;), ‘ ¿Hacia un nuevo nomos de la Tierra? Soberanía y disrupción a la luz de Carl Schmitt. ’, Anacronismo e Irrupción, 12:22, pp. 32–57.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Bratton, B. H.. ( 2015), The Stack: On Software and Sovereignty, Cambridge, MA:: MIT Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Bustamante, E.. ( 2003), Hacia un nuevo sistema mundial de comunicación. Industrias culturales en la era digital, Barcelona:: Gedisa;.
     [Google Scholar]
  8. CAF ( 2021), ExperiencIA: Datos e Inteligencia Artificial en el sector público, Caracas:: CAF;, http://scioteca.caf.com/handle/123456789/1793. Accessed 13 October 2022.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. CAF ( 2022), Uso responsable de la inteligencia artificial en el sector público, Caracas:: CAF;, https://scioteca.caf.com/handle/123456789/1941. Accessed 24 October 2022.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. CAF–Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina (Development Bank of Latin America) ( 2020), Policy Brief #17: Uso responsable de la inteligencia artificial en el sector público, Caracas:: CAF;, https://scioteca.caf.com/bitstream/handle/123456789/1608/Uso_responsable_de_la_inteligencia_artificial_en_el_sector_publico.pdf. Accessed 15 February 2023.
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Electronic Frontier Foundation, Asociación por los Derechos Civiles, Centre for Internet & Society, ONG Derechos Digitales, KICTAnet and Open Net ( 2015), Manila Principles on Intermediary Liability, 31 October, https://www.eff.org/files/2015/10/31/manila_principles_1.0.pdf. Accessed 31 October 2022.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Espada, A., and Marino, S.. ( 2021;), ‘ Tratamiento regulatorio de plataformas digitales en América Latina y países centrales: un análisis de la imposición de tasas, gravámenes, obligaciones de fomento a la producción local y exigencias de cuotas de contenido nacional a los gigantes digitales entre 2018 y 2020. ’, Eptic, 23:3, pp. 201–22, https://doi.org/10.54786/revista%20eptic.v23i3.16311. Accessed 15 February 2023.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. European Commission (EC) ( 2020), ‘ A European approach to excellence and trust’, white paper on artificial intelligence, Brussels:: EC;, https://commission.europa.eu/system/files/2020-02/commission-white-paper-artificial-intelligence-feb2020_en.pdf. Accessed 16 February 2023.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. European Commission (EC) ( 2021a), ‘ Proposal for a regulation of the European parliament and of the Council laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) and amending certain union legislative acts’, Brussels:: EC;, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52021PC0206&from=EN. Accessed 16 February 2023.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. European Commission (EC) ( 2021b), ‘ Regulatory framework proposal on artificial intelligence’, Brussels:: EC;, https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/regulatory-framework-ai. Accessed February 2023.
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Gómez, R.. ( 2021), ¿Hay concentración de Internet en América Latina? El caso México, Montevideo:: OBSERVACOM/FES;.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Independent High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence Set Up by the European Commission ( 2019;), ‘ Ethics guidelines for trustworthy AI. ’, https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/d3988569-0434-11ea-8c1f-01aa75ed71a1. Accessed 17 August 2022.
  18. Infante, A.. ( 2021), Rendición de cuentas y políticas públicas aplicadas a la inteligencia artificial en América Latina, Lima:: CETyS;.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) ( 2020), La inteligencia artificial al servicio del bien social en América latina y el Caribe: panorámica regional e instantáneas de doce países, Washington, DC:: Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo;, https://doi.org/10.18235/0002393.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Intervozes ( 2018), Monopólios digitais: concentração e diversidade na Internet, São Paulo:: Intervozes;.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Leite, F.. ( 2016;), ‘ O exercício da liberdade de expressão nas redes sociais: e o marco civil da internet. ’, Revista de Direito Brasileira, 13:6, pp. 150–66.
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Lima, M. F., and Valete, J.. ( 2020;), ‘ Regulação de plataformas digitais: mapeando o debate internacional. ’, Linc em Revista, 16:1, https://doi.org/10.18617/liinc.v16i1.5100.
     [Google Scholar]
  23. McCorduck, P.. ( 1991), Máquinas que piensan: una incursión personal en la historia y las perspectivas de la inteligencia artificial, Madrid:: Tecnos;.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Murdock, G.. ( 1978;), ‘ Blindspots about western Marxism: A reply to Dallas Smythe. ’, Canadian Journal of Political and Social Theory/Revue canadienne de theorie politique et sociale, 2:2, pp. 109–19.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. OBSERVACOM ( 2020), Estándares para una regulación democrática de las grandes plataformas que garantice la libertad de expresión en línea y una Internet libre y abierta, Montevideo:: OBSERVACOM;, https://www.observacom.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Estandares-para-una-regulacion-democratica-de-las-grandes-plataformas.pdf. Accessed 8 December 2022.
     [Google Scholar]
  26. ONG TEDIC ( 2021;), ‘ Declaración Latinoamericana sobre Transparencia de las Plataformas Digitales de Internet. ’, 25 November, https://www.tedic.org/declaracion-latinoamericana-sobre-. Accessed 10 December 2022
  27. Palma, J. T., and Marín, R.. ( 2008), Inteligencia artificial. Técnicas, métodos y aplicaciones, Madrid:: McGraw Hill Interamericana;.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Parikka, J.. ( 2015), A Geology of Media, Minneapolis, MN:: University of Minnesota Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Pita, M.. ( 2022), Transparencia de la moderación privada de contenidos. Una mirada de las propuestas de ociedad civil y legisladores de América Latina, Montevideo:: UNESCO;.
     [Google Scholar]
  30. PwC ( 2017), Sizing the Prize: What’s the Real Value of AI for Your Business and How Can You Capitalise?, London:: PriceWaterhouseCoopers;, https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/issues/analytics/assets/pwc-ai-analysis-sizing-the-prize-report.pdf. Accessed 21 August 2022.
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Sierra, F.. ( 2016), Capitalismo Cognitivo y Economía Social del Conocimiento. La lucha por el código, Quito:: Ciespal;.
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Sierra, F.. (ed.) ( 2019), Teoría del valor, comunicación y territorio, Madrid:: Siglo XXI Ediciones;.
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Silveira, S. A.. ( 2020;), ‘ Discursos sobre regulação e governança algorítmica. ’, Estudos Sociológicos, Araraquara, 25:48, pp. 63–85.
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Smythe, D. W.. ( 1977;), ‘ Communications: Blindspot of western Marxism. ’, Canadian Journal of Political and Social Theory/Revue canadienne de théorie politique et sociale, 1:3, pp. 1–27.
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Srnicek, N.. ( 2018), Capitalismo de Plataformas, Buenos Aires:: Caja Negra Editora;.
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Terranova, T.. ( 2017;), ‘ Red stack attack! Algoritmos, capital y la automatización del común. ’, in A. Avanesian, and M. Reis. (eds), Aceleracionismo. Estrategias para una transición hacia el postcapitalismo, Buenos Aires:: Caja Negra Editora;, pp. 91–110.
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Van Dijck, J.,, Poell, T., and De Wall, M.. ( 2018), The Platform Society: Public Values in a Connective World, Oxford:: Oxford University Press;.
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Wark, M.. ( 2019), Capital Is Dead, London and New York:: Verso;.
     [Google Scholar]
  39. Williams, A., and Srnicek, N.. ( 2017;), ‘ Manifiesto por una Política Aceleracionista. ’, in A. Avanesian, and M. Reis. (eds), Aceleracionismo. Estrategias para una transición hacia el postcapitalismo, Buenos Aires:: Caja Negra Editora;, pp. 33–48.
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Zerené, J.. ( 2017;), ‘ Arqueologías Mediales: un diagnóstico de Jussi Parikka. ’, Cuadernos de Estudios Visuales y Mediales, 1:1, pp. 90–120.
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Zuboff, S.. ( 2020), La era del capitalismo de la vigilancia. La lucha por un futuro humano frente a las nuevas fronteras del poder, Barcelona:: Paidós;.
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Monje, Daniela, and Caballero, Francisco Sierra. ( 2023;), ‘ Artificial intelligence: The blind spot of info-communication platform policymaking and regulation in Latin America. ’, Journal of Digital Media & Policy, Special Issue: ‘Emerging Debates on Internet Platform Policy and Regulation in Latin America’, 14:2, pp. 149–67, https://doi.org/10.1386/jdmp_00119_1
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1386/jdmp_00119_1
Loading
Artificial intelligence: The blind spot of info-communication platform policy-making and regulation in Latin America
Journal of Digital Media & Policy 14, 149 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1386/jdmp_00119_1
/content/journals/10.1386/jdmp_00119_1
/content/journals/10.1386/jdmp_00119_1
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Article
Keyword(s): ethics; human; non-human; normative theory; regulations; rights

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a success
Invalid data
An error occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error