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A deep understanding of learning goals in technology-mediated learning is necessary for improving lesson design and student performance. Learning goals form the foundation of classes in all content areas including technology-based music. The purpose of this study was to examine the musical learning goals of several technology-based music classes in the United States and how perceptions of those goals might vary between teachers and students. Data were collected through observations of technology-based music classes and interviews with a teacher and three to four students from each of four varied and geographically disparate secondary schools in the United States. Findings suggest that students and most teachers in this study perceived the learning goals of technology-based music classes to emphasize technological learning rather than musical achievement. Teachers with deeper music technology experience focused the goals of their classes more on musical content than those with less experience. Additional emergent themes included the importance of analytical listening, development of students’ self-confidence and improvement in improvising. Suggestions for further research are provided regarding analysis of students’ project work and further development of educational standards.