Skip to content
1981
Taboo-Transgression-Transcendence in Art & Science
  • ISSN: 1477-965X
  • E-ISSN: 1758-9533

Abstract

Emerging brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) such as Neuralink have profoundly contributed to the social/political imaginaries of western techno-scientific culture. Though currently focused on medical devices that would enable people with quadriplegia to mentally manipulate computer interfaces, ‘cure’ blindness and ‘solve’ autism and schizophrenia, Neuralink ultimately aims to ‘replace the cell phone’ with BCI as the dominant human–technology interface. Inspired by Eli Clare, this article argues that Neuralink’s emphasis on ‘solving’ bodymind troubles with invasive technology smuggles in a pernicious aesthetic of cure – a political aesthetic which treats disabled human bodies and, by extension, humanity itself as something to be transcended, fixed, normalized and overcome. In contrast, this article proposes a cyborg aesthetics, a human–technology framework that does not follow logics of bodily transcendence or overcoming. Riffing on Cressida Heyes’s definition of ‘anaesthetics’ as liminal practices that resist neo-liberalism’s emphasis on productivity and progress, and through the artistic practices of Mallory Kay Nelson and Marco Donnarumma, this article explores the anaesthetics of cure evident in cyborg transgressions, i.e. cyborg and cripborg artistic practices that do not strive towards bodily liberation, overcoming or transcendence, but instead take the body as constitutive for human being and as a locus of exploration, experimentation, cooperation and resistance.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1386/tear_00140_1
2025-06-30
2026-04-22

Metrics

Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Ahmed, Sara (2006), Queer Phenomenology: Orientations, Objects, Others, Durham, NC: Duke University Press Books.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bostrom, Nick (2005), ‘Transhumanist values’, Journal of Philosophical Research, 30:9999, pp. 314, https://doi.org/10.5840/jpr_2005_26.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bostrom, Nick (2014), Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Buck-Morss, Susan (1992), ‘Aesthetics and anaesthetics: Walter Benjamin’s artwork essay reconsidered’, October, 62, p. 3, https://doi.org/10.2307/778700.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Capoot, Ashley (2022), ‘Elon Musk shows off updates to his brain chips’, CNBC, 1 December, https://www.cnbc.com/2022/12/01/elon-musks-neuralink-makes-big-claims-but-experts-are-skeptical-.html. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  6. Clare, Eli (2017), Brilliant Imperfection: Grappling with Cure, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Cole-Turner, Ron (2022), ‘Posthumanism and transhumanism’, in W. Schweiker (ed.), Encyclopedia of Religious Ethics, Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp. 1098105.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Donnarumma, Marco (n.d.a), ‘I Am Your Body’, Marco Donnarumma, https://marcodonnarumma.com/series/i-am-your-body/. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  9. Donnarumma, Marco (n.d.b), ‘Ex Silens’, Marco Donnarumma, https://marcodonnarumma.com/works/ex-silens/. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  10. Donnarumma, Marco (2023–present), Ex Silens, performance art, Essen, Berlin, Düsseldorf, Basel, Edinburgh.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Donnarumma, Marco (2023b), Niranthea, installation, PACT Zollverein, Essen, 22–23 September.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Donnarumma, Marco (2024), zoom interview with J. Kokot, Elon University, North Carolina, 5 July.
  13. Ehrenreich, John and Ehrenreich, Barbara (1969), ‘Editorial: The medical industrial complex’, Health Policy Advisory Center Bulletin, November, pp. 19, https://healthpac.toxicdocs.org/d/km3d78QyD9300rNLB3M3N58aE. Accessed 22 April 2025.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Elg, Emie Eva-Marie (2021), ‘A sexual series’, Technoetic Arts: A Journal of Speculative Research, 19:3, pp. 32135.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Forster, Edward Morgan (1909), The Machine Stops, https://archive.org/details/e.-m.-forster-the-machine-stops_202008/page/6/mode/2up. Accessed 15 January 2025.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Foucault, Michel (1982), ‘An interview by Stephen Riggins’, in P. Rabinow (ed.), Michel Foucault, Ethics, Subjectivity, and Truth, New York: New Press, pp. 12133.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Foucault, Michel (1984), ‘What is enlightenment’, in P. Rabinow (ed.), Michel Foucault, Ethics, Subjectivity, and Truth, New York: New Press, pp. 30319.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Foucault, Michel (1990), The History of Sexuality, Vol. 2: The Use of Pleasure, reissue ed., New York: Vintage.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Gosh, Kanjyik (2024), ‘Neuralink’s first human patient able to control mouse through thinking’, Reuters, 20 February, https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/neuralinks-first-human-patient-able-control-mouse-through-thinking-musk-says-2024-02-20/. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  20. Heyes, Cressida J. (2020), Anaesthetics of Existence: Essays on Experience at the Edge, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Hughes, Neil (2023), ‘Transhumanism and Neuralink’, Cybernews, 10 June, https://cybernews.com/editorial/transhumanism-and-neuralink/. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  22. Kafer, Alison (2013), Feminist, Queer, Crip, Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Kawala-Sterniuk, Aleksandra, Browarska, Natalia, Al-Bakri, Amir, Pelc, Mariusz, Zygarlicki, Jaroslaw, Sidikova, Michaela, Martinek, Radek and Gorzelanczyk, Edward Jacek (2021), ‘Summary of over fifty years with brain-computer interfaces – a review’, Brain Sciences, 11:1, p. 43.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Kay, Grace (2024), ‘Elon Musk’s Neuralink implanted’, Business Insider, 4 February, https://www.businessinsider.com/neuralink-will-take-25-minutes-insert-brain-elon-musk-reportedly-2023-11. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  25. Korn, Jennifer (2023), ‘Neuralink, Elon Musk’s brain implant startup, raises $280 million’, CNN, 8 August, https://www.cnn.com/2023/08/08/tech/neuralink-brain-musk-fundraising-founders-fund/index.html. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  26. Kurzweil, Ray (2006), The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology, New York: Penguin Books.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. May, William F. (2002), ‘Transcripts – session 2: Choosing the sex of children: Demographics’, The President’s Council on Bioethics, 17 October, https://bioethicsarchive.georgetown.edu/pcbe/transcripts/oct02/session2.html. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  28. Meek, David (2020), ‘Dinner table syndrome: A phenomenological study of deaf individuals’ experiences with inaccessible communication’, The Qualitative Report, 25:6, pp. 167694.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Merzlyakov, Sergei S. (2022), ‘Posthumanism vs. transhumanism’, Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 92:S6, pp. S47582, https://doi.org/10.1134/s1019331622120073.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Mullin, Emily (2024), ‘Neuralink’s first user is constantly multitasking’, Wired, 22 May, https://www.wired.com/story/neuralink-first-patient-interview-noland-arbaugh-elon-musk/. Accessed 15 January 2025.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Nelson, Mallory Kay, Shew, Ashley and Stevens, Bethany (2019), ‘Transmobility: Rethinking the possibilities in cyborg (cripborg) bodies’, Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience, 5:1, pp. 120, https://doi.org/10.28968/cftt.v5i1.29617.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Neuralink Official Website (2024a), ‘Home page’, https://neuralink.com/. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  33. Neuralink Official Website (2024b), ‘PRIME study progress update – user experience’, Neuralink, 8 May, https://neuralink.com/blog/prime-study-progress-update-user-experience/. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  34. Noble, David F. (1997), The Religion of Technology: The Divinity of Man and the Spirit of Invention, New York: Knopf.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Preciado, Paul B. (2013), Testo Junkie: Sex, Drugs, and Biopolitics in the Pharmacopornographic Era, New York: The Feminist Press at the City University of New York.
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Price, Margaret (2015), ‘The bodymind problem and the possibilities of pain’, Hypatia, 30:1, pp. 26884, https://doi.org/10.1111/hypa.12127.
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Russell, Jim, Franklin, Blaine, Piff, Alex, Allen, Steve and Barkley, Eric (2023), ‘Number of ADHD patients rising’, Epic Research, 30 March, https://epicresearch.org/articles/number-of-adhd-patients-rising-especially-among-women. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  38. Sandel, Michael J. (2007), The Case against Perfection: Ethics in the Age of Genetic Engineering, Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Schafer, R. Murray (1977), The Tuning of the World, New York: Random House Inc.
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Singh, Astha (2023), ‘Disability and silver screening: Comparative analyses of Deaf Culture in Sound of Metal and CODA’, Technoetic Arts, 21:1, pp. 99106, https://doi.org/10.1386/tear_00100_1.
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Sterne, Jonathan (2021), Diminished Faculties: A Political Phenomenology of Impairment, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Tengelyi, Laszlo (2003), The Wild Region in Life-History, Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Tesla Car World (2023), ‘Elon Musk announced Neuralink officially used on humans!’, YouTube, 12 June, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPKAohDoGPY. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  44. Tesla Owners Online (2021), ‘Elon Musk on clubhouse interview’, YouTube, 1 February, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wF2TrKF6HEY. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  45. Torrella, Kenny (2022), ‘Neuralink shows what happens when you bring “move fast and break things” to animal research’, Vox, 11 December, https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2022/12/11/23500157/neuralink-animal-testing-elon-musk-usda-probe. Accessed 15 January 2025.
    [Google Scholar]
  46. US Food & Drug Administration (2024), ‘Breakthrough devices program’, FDA, 7 November, https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/how-study-and-market-your-device/breakthrough-devices-program. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  47. Wolfe, Cary (2009), What Is Posthumanism?, Illustrated ed., Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Zuby (2023), ‘Elon Musk explains NeuraLink’, YouTube, 21 June, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OKB1PuclFEo. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  49. Donnarumma, Marco (2022b), ‘I Am Your Body’, Marco Donnarumma, 14 November, https://marcodonnarumma.com/series/i-am-your-body/. Accessed 15 January 2025.
  50. Donnarumma, Marco (2023b), Niranthea, PACT Zollverein.
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1386/tear_00140_1
Loading
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a success
Invalid data
An error occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test