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- Volume 44, Issue 2, 2022
Australian Journalism Review - Volume 44, Issue 2, 2022
Volume 44, Issue 2, 2022
- Editorial
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- Commentary
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The machines are learning: How artificial intelligence is already affecting journalism education
By Jeff SparrowRecent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) pose considerable challenges to journalism educators. Sophisticated natural language processing systems have shown that the completion of academic assessment tasks does not necessarily require human-like artificial general intelligence. Already, AI can be deployed to assist with or independently complete assessment tasks for students or to provide an unacknowledged context for students completing assessment tasks. Educators teaching in journalism studies must rethink assessment, particularly as the journalism industry increasingly embraces AI technology.
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- Research Articles
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‘Go join that radio station up there’: The role of Australian community radio in journalism education and training
Authors: Heather Anderson, Bridget Backhaus, Charlotte Bedford and Poppy de SouzaCommunity broadcasting represents the largest independent media sector in Australia, with over 26,000 actively involved volunteers per annum. While people come to community broadcasting at many different points in their life, there is a common, unofficial narrative that describes community radio volunteers ‘cutting their teeth’ in the sector and then ‘moving on’ in their careers. This article details research that interrogates the experiences of journalists and other people working in the creative and cultural industries, who spent significant time in the Australian community broadcasting sector. Employing a collective case study approach, this article identifies and discusses key themes describing the impact of community radio on the employment pathways and career trajectories of its practitioners, with a focus on journalism and media production. These themes provide a framework for further research into the impact of community media on journalists’ employment pathways and career trajectories, viewing community media through a rhizomatic prism.
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Asian Australian media representation of First Nations sovereignty and constitutional change
Authors: Huck Ying Ch’ng, Kashifa Aslam, Huong Nguyen and Bradley SmithThis study explores levels of interest in and framing of Australian First Nations constitutional reform in minority ethnic media. A keyword search of mainstream English media in Australia and of media targeted at Chinese, Pakistani, Vietnamese and Indonesian Australian communities shows a relatively low level of interest in the publication of and government response to the Uluru Statement in the latter outlets compared to the English media. Framing analysis over an extended timeframe finds some interest in and broad support for Australian First Nations’ calls for constitutional reform in the Asian Australian media, as well as variation and suggestive correlations between framing and audience such as linking First Nations history to experiences of racism and exclusion of Chinese Australians. The study has implications both for any referendum for a First Nations Voice to Parliament and for scholarship on the role of minority ethnic media in the contemporary Australian public sphere.
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‘It doesn’t feel right to say how much I enjoyed this’: Listener perspectives on ethics in true crime podcasts
Authors: Caroline Graham and Kylie StevensonThis research seeks a clearer understanding of listener perspectives on issues of ethics in true crime podcasts (TCPs). To do so, the study first divides TCPs into three subgenres: Documentary, Recap and Expert. Then, it uses a mixed methods content analysis of listener reviews (n = 1200) of TCPs to ascertain listeners’ value systems and preferences when assessing podcasts, the role of ethics in audience evaluations of TCPs and the impact of subgenre on listener response. It finds that a large subsection of the reviewer audience (29.7 per cent) privileged ethics as a key criterion for evaluating and reviewing podcasts and that listeners’ level of engagement with issues of ethics is specific, careful and nuanced. It also finds that subgenre can play a role in shaping engagement with content, with Documentary and Recap formats more likely to result in listeners relating to content as entertainment.
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Exploring small newspaper attitudes to a collaborative approach with Australia’s primary public broadcaster (ABC)
Authors: Kristy Hess and Angela RossCollaborative approaches to news production are increasingly being trialled across the globe in an attempt to alleviate a well-documented crisis in local news. Of particular interest to Australian policy-makers is the BBC Local Democracy Reporting project which funds journalists to be based in local news outlets to provide local government reporting, as well as data journalism initiatives. There is political will that such an approach could be adopted by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation to support the nation’s rural and regional news provisions. This article draws on data from six interpretive focus groups involving 50 news workers from independent Australian local news publishers to consider whether smaller publishers would welcome a collaborative approach with the ABC. It finds that a one-size-fits-all collaborative approach is unlikely to be suitable for the Australian regional media landscape and that more work is needed developing an understanding of an appropriate framework that may be tailored to best meet the needs of different local news outlets.
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- Emerging Scholars
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The ‘digital death knock’: Australian journalists’ use of social media in reporting everyday tragedy
More LessNewspapers regularly publish stories about people who have died suddenly or in unusual circumstances and the effect of these deaths on families and communities. The practice by which a journalist writes such a story is called the ‘death knock’; the journalist seeks out the deceased’s family to interview them for a story about their loss. The death knock is challenging and controversial. It has been criticized as an unethical intrusion on grief and privacy and shown to have negative effects on bereaved people and journalists. It has also been defended as an act of inclusion, giving the bereaved control over stories that may be written anyway, and a form of public service journalism that can have benefits for families, communities and journalists. Traditionally a knock on the door, the death knock is also done via phone and e-mail, and recently, in a practice termed the ‘digital death knock’, using social media. This article reports on the findings of a 2021 survey of Australian journalists and their current death knock practice and it will do this within the framework of research in the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada. In these countries, journalists are doing the ‘digital death knock’ because of time and competition pressures and available technology; however, this raises ethical concerns about their reproduction of social media material without the permission or knowledge of its owners. This article will discuss the extent to which social media has impacted death knock practice in Australia.
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- Book Reviews
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Not Exactly Lying: Fake News and Fake Journalism in American History, Andie Tucher (2022)
More LessReview of: Not Exactly Lying: Fake News and Fake Journalism in American History, Andie Tucher (2022)
New York: Columbia University Press, 384 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-23118-634-6, h/bk, USD 115.00/GBP 90.00,
ISBN 978-0-23118-635-3, p/bk, USD 28.00/GBP 22.00,
ISBN 978-0-23154-659-1, e-book, USD 27.99/GBP 22.00
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Journalism Ethics at the Crossroads: Democracy, Fake News, and the News Crisis, Roger Patching and Martin Hirst (2022)
More LessReview of: Journalism Ethics at the Crossroads: Democracy, Fake News, and the News Crisis, Roger Patching and Martin Hirst (2022)
Abingdon: Routledge, 308 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-36719-727-8, h/bk, AUD 252.00,
ISBN 978-0-36719-728-5, p/bk, AUD 69.99,
ISBN 978-0-42924-289-2, e-book, AUD 56.69
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The Global Handbook of Media Accountability, Susanne Fengler, Tobias Eberwein and Matthias Karmasin (eds) (2021)
More LessReview of: The Global Handbook of Media Accountability, Susanne Fengler, Tobias Eberwein and Matthias Karmasin (eds) (2021)
Abingdon and New York: Routledge, 632 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-36734-628-7, h/bk, AUD 399.00,
ISBN 978-0-42932-694-3, e-book, AUD 68.39
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News Media Innovation Reconsidered: Ethics and Values in a Creative Reconstruction of Journalism, Maria Luengo and Susana Herrera (eds) (2021)
More LessReview of: News Media Innovation Reconsidered: Ethics and Values in a Creative Reconstruction of Journalism, Maria Luengo and Susana Herrera (eds) (2021)
Hoboken, NJ: WILEY Blackwell, 256 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-11970-649-6, p/bk, AUD 87.95,
ISBN 978-1-11970-650-2, e-book, AUD 70.99
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Solutions Journalism: News at the Intersection of Hope, Leadership, and Expertise, Bill Dodd (2021)
By Andrew DoddReview of: Solutions Journalism: News at the Intersection of Hope, Leadership, and Expertise, Bill Dodd (2021)
Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 190 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-79361-871-9, h/bk, USD 95.00/GBP 73.00,
ISBN 978-1-79361-872-6, e-book, USD 38.00/GBP 29.00
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The Trial of Julian Assange: A Story of Persecution, Nils Melzer and Oliver Kobold (2022)
More LessReview of: The Trial of Julian Assange: A Story of Persecution, Nils Melzer and Oliver Kobold (2022)
London: Verso Books, 354 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-83976-622-0, h/bk, AUD 39.99
ISBN 978-1-83976-625-1, US e-book, USD 8.99
ISBN 978-1-83976-624-4, UK e-book, GBP 12.00
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