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- Volume 9, Issue 2, 2010
International Journal of Technology Management & Sustainable Development - Volume 9, Issue 2, 2010
Volume 9, Issue 2, 2010
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Rent-sharing: Organizational and technological innovations under military regimes in South Korea and Turkey
Authors: Ingyu Oh and Recep VarcinThe concept of the developmental state suffers from its weak provision of an economic explanation as to why bureaucratic efficiency was the reason for the phenomenal economic growth in South Korea (19601990s) and Turkey (1990s2000s), especially during military regimes. Although neoclassical economics emphasizes the superiority of the free market to efficient bureaucracy, it also fails to unveil the black box of innovation among developing countries, especially when they are experiencing strong control by the military governments. Instead of the bureaucratic efficiency or the free market, we analyse conglomerate innovation structures under the institution of rent-sharing in South Korea and Turkey during the developmental phase. In doing so, we also try to find the reason for the delayed economic growth in Turkey despite its successful political independence and reforms in the 1920s, much earlier than those of South Korea in the 1960s, in the statebusiness relations. In South Korea the institution of rent-sharing cleared the uncertainties of technological innovation by first mandating organizational innovation, whereas the Turkish institution of rent-sharing did not mandate organizational innovation as an initial prerequisite to technological innovation.
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Incorporating sustainability into information technology management
Authors: Nayem Rahman and Shameem AkhterInformation technology (IT) industry accounts for approximately 2% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Data centres use a significant amount of energy. This has become problematic during the last few years. Power intensities have been increasing over time, largely because of the increasing heat density of IT equipment. The number and usage of PCs have been rapidly increasing worldwide. By implementing IT sustainability programmes, organizations can drastically reduce the amount of energy spent, develop efficient technology products, keep e-waste out of landfills and adopt recycle and reuse programmes. Using more efficient technologies can help consume fewer resources and emit less waste. This article discusses various aspects of sustainable IT programmes and proposes sustainability metrics for IT to demonstrate a positive impact on the environment.
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Canadian oil sands: How innovation and advanced technologies can support sustainable development
Authors: Adam Bloomer, Kalinga Jagoda and Jeffrie LandryAn increase in greenhouse gas emissions, coupled with elevated environmental awareness, has triggered the necessity of focusing on effective management of the Canadian oil sands. From Kyoto to Copenhagen, Canada's industry practices have been criticized. The deployment of sustainable production technologies is crucial for the survival of Canada's oil sands industry. Current literature is dominated by science and engineering scholars, yet a major problem appears to be a lack of full understanding of the multiple dimensions of the oil sands projects and the many players involved in innovation of sustainable technologies. A focused attempt to understand the development and commercialization process, with a view towards developing guidelines for individuals and institutions in managing innovation, would therefore be a useful contribution to the oil sands literature. This article proposes such an approach. The framework developed in this article is applied to a case study, with specific attention paid to identifying facilitating and inhibiting factors.
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Environmental regulation and innovation in high-pollution industries: A case study in a Brazilian refinery
More LessThis article discusses the influence of environmental regulation on the adoption of new production techniques by a Brazilian petroleum refinery (Replan). Two kinds of techniques adopted in order to comply with environmental regulation are described: techniques to control local environmental impacts (water, air and soil contamination) and techniques to produce less-polluting diesel. The article uses secondary data and primary data collected in Replan and in the Petrobras R&D Center. The research covers the period between 1999 and 2003, when strict environmental regulation forced Brazilian refineries to update their production processes. Thus, the analysis of this article is focused on how Replan had reacted to the tightening of regulation. From the standpoint of evolutionary economics, the environmental regulation is considered a contextual determinant of the adoption of environmental technology. It is concluded that in the case of Replan, environmental regulation brought about the need of huge investments to adapt processes and products to new standards. The case also demonstrates the usefulness of environmental regulation as a policy tool for inducing highly polluting industries to adopt technologies that can mitigate environmental impacts and also promote technological learning in new environmental technologies.
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Collaborative lifecycle design A viable approach to sustainable rural technology development
More LessThe purpose of this article is to present a lifecycle design methodology for rural technology development that promotes stakeholders' participation throughout the developmental process. The model was based on findings from rural development studies, several years of experience in rural technology development and on lifecycle management principles. This article explained what collaborative lifecycle design for rural technology development is, and how it can be implemented. It also described how stakeholders involved rural technology design and development framework was used in developing low-cost, potable multi-purpose threshers. The performance characteristics of the machines developed through the use of this methodology were within the same functional performance range with imported models. In addition, the use of the methodology resulted in lower production cost, better acceptance and improved maintainability. It also fostered rapport between stakeholders, led to attainment of self-reliance in that technology instead of dependence on imported machinery and improved our post-harvest technology capacity building. Moreover, it led to the development of a technology that is socio-culturally compatible and environmentally friendly.
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 23 (2024)
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Volume 22 (2023 - 2024)
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Volume 21 (2022)
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Volume 20 (2021)
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Volume 19 (2020)
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Volume 18 (2019)
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Volume 17 (2018)
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Volume 16 (2017)
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Volume 15 (2016)
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Volume 14 (2015)
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Volume 13 (2014)
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Volume 12 (2013)
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Volume 11 (2012)
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Volume 10 (2011 - 2012)
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Volume 9 (2010 - 2011)
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Volume 8 (2009)
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Volume 7 (2008)
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Volume 6 (2007)
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Volume 5 (2005 - 2006)
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Volume 4 (2005)
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Volume 3 (2004)
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Volume 2 (2003 - 2004)
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Volume 1 (2002)