The material of the body: Corporeal gender identities and sexual orientation in Darling in the Franxx | Intellect Skip to content
1981
Volume 9, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 2055-5695
  • E-ISSN: 2055-5709

Abstract

This article explores the construction of gender identities and sexual orientations displayed in the 2018 anime series by focusing on the series’ emphasis of its characters’ bodies. Karen Barad’s account of Agential Realism functions as a critical framework. The theory offers an understanding of matter as a dynamic process that provides a tool to think about bodies beyond the binary framework of female and male. The anime exhibits notions of gender fluidity, homosexuality and transsexuality. This analysis, therefore, aims to disclose how the sexed body is employed in the series’ conceptualization of gender identities and sexual orientation deviating from heteronormativity. Simultaneously, it discusses how bears the risk of reaffirming the binary structure, as Barad’s theory does not necessarily follow an opening of binary structures.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1386/qsmpc_00115_1
2024-03-26
2024-04-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Shooting Star Moratorium’ (2018), A. Nishigori and T. Yatabi (dirs), Darling in the Franxx, Season 1 Episode 7 (24 February, Japan: Trigger and A-Pictures).
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Adams, Joshua (2020), ‘The anime girl through the male otaku gaze’, Medium, 5 November, https://medium.com/otaku-tribune/the-anime-girl-through-the-male-otaku-gaze-a1162da964e5. Accessed 28 September 2022.
  3. ‘Alone and Lonesome’ (2018), T. Akai and A. Nishigori (dirs), Darling in the Franxx, Season 1 Episode 1 (13 January, Japan: Trigger and A-1 Pictures).
    [Google Scholar]
  4. American Psychiatric Association (2020), ‘What is gender dysphoria?’, https://psychiatry.org/patients-families/gender-dysphoria/what-is-gender-dysphoria. Accessed 2 June 2022.
  5. Armored Trooper VOTOMS (1983–84, Japan: Bandai Visual Company).
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Bach, Doris (2011), ‘Die Tabuisierung von Intitmität und Sexualität im Alter’, in D. Bach and F. Böhmer (eds), Intimität, Sexualitä: Tabuisierung im Alter, Vienna, Cologne and Weimar: Böhlau Verlag, pp. 15972.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Barad, Karen (2003), ‘Posthumanist performativity: Toward an understanding of how matter comes to matter’, Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 28:3, pp. 80131.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Barad, Karen (2007), Meeting the Universe Halfway: Quantum Physics and the Entanglement of Matter and Meaning, Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Barad, Karen (2012), ‘Nature’s queer performativity’, Kvinder, Køn og forsking (Women, Gender and Research), 1&2, pp. 2553.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. ‘Boys x Girls’ (2018), M. Nakazono and A. Nishigori (dirs), Darling in the Franxx, Season 1 Episode 8 (3 March, Japan: Trigger and A-1 Pictures).
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Butler, Judith ([1990] 1999), Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity, New York and London: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Butler, Judith ([1993] 2011), Bodies that Matter: On the Discursive Limits of ‘Sex’, New York and London: Routledge.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. ‘DARLING in the FRANXX’ (2018), T. Akai, T. Harada and A. Nishigori (dirs), Darling in the Franxx, Season 1 Episode 23 (30 June, Japan: Trigger and A-1 Pictures).
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Darling in the Franxx (2018, Japan: Trigger and A-1 Pictures).
    [Google Scholar]
  15. ‘Eden’ (2018), R. Masuyama and A. Nishigori (dirs), Darling in the Franxx, Season 1 Episode 17 (12 May, Japan: Trigger and A-1 Pictures).
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Elfen Lied (2004, Japan: Arms).
    [Google Scholar]
  17. ‘For You, My Love’ (2018), A. Nishigori and M. Okamoto (dirs), Darling in the Franxx, Season 1 Episode 21 (16 June, Japan: Trigger and A-1 Pictures).
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Foucault, Michel ([1977] 1995), Surveiller et punir, Paris: Gallimard.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Germer, Andrea, Martins, Rafael Vinícius and Zhang, Tianqi (2017), ‘A “Japanese” cinema of reassurance: Queering, passing – and reifying normativity in Hosoda Mamoru’s Wolf Children’, Electronic Journal of Contemporary Japanese Studies, 17:2, n.pag., http://www.japanesestudies.org.uk/ejcjs/vol17/iss2/germer.html. Accessed 27 June 2021.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Jagger, Gill. (2015), ‘The new materialism and sexual difference’, Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 40:2, pp. 32142.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Kirby, Vicki (2011), Quantum Anthropologies: Life at Large, Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Kōkaku Kidōtai (Ghost in the Shell) (Japan: Production I.G.).
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Miki (Anislam) (2020), ‘Blog slam: Sexualität in Darling in the FranXX im Vergleich zu Neon Genesis Evangelion’, YouTube, 10 June, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yzjrXnyTkuA. Accessed 22 June 2022.
  24. Mobile Suit Gundam (1979–80, Japan: Nagoya TV).
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Mulvey, Laura (1999), ‘Visual pleasure and narrative cinema’, in L. Braudy and M. Cohen (eds), Film Theory and Criticism, New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 83344.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Nakamura, Mari (2017), ‘Emancipation in postmodernity: Political thought in Japanese science fiction animation’, Ph.D. thesis, Leiden: Leiden University.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Napier, Susan J. (2005), Anime from Akira to Howl’s Moving Castle: Experiencing Contemporary Japanese Animation, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Neon Genesis Evangelion (1995–96, Japan: Gainax).
    [Google Scholar]
  29. ‘Never Let Me Go’ (2018), M. Kuroki, A. Nishigori and M. Okamoto (dirs), Darling in the Franxx, Season 1 Episode 24 (7 July, Japan: Trigger and A-1 Pictures).
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Nishigori, Atsushi, Tanaka, Masayoshi and Fukishima, Yuichi (2018), interviewed by P. Fobian, crunchyroll.com, 5 October, https://www.crunchyroll.com/de/anime-feature/2018/10/05-1/interview-darling-in-the-franxx-creators-talk-franxx-trigger-and-zero-two. Accessed 22 June 2022.
  31. North, Scott (2009), ‘Negotiating what’s “natural”: Persistent domestic gender role inequality in Japan’, Social Science Japan Journal, 12:1, pp. 2344.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Orbaugh, Sharalyn (2007), ‘Sex and the single cyborg: Japanese popular culture experiments in subjectivity’, in C. Bolton, C. T. Tatsumi and I. Csicsery-Ronay Jr. (eds), Robot Ghosts and Wired Dreams: Japanese Science Fiction from Origins to Anime, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, pp. 17292.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. ‘Partner Shuffle’ (2018), A. Nishigori and T. Shikama (dirs), Darling in the Franxx, Season 1 Episode 11 (24 March, Japan: Trigger and A-1 Pictures).
    [Google Scholar]
  34. ‘Punishment and Confession’ (2018), Y. Kaneko and A. Nishigori (dirs), Darling in the Franxx, Season 1 Episode 14 (14 April, Japan: Trigger and A-1 Pictures).
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Saito, Kumiko (2020), ‘Anime’, in A. McFarlane, G. J. Murphy and L. Schmeick (eds), The Routledge Companion to Cyberpunk Culture, New York and London: Routledge, pp. 15161.
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Sato, Kumiko (2004), ‘How information technology has (not) changed feminism and Japanism: Cyberpunk in the Japanese context’, Comparative Literature Studies, 41:3, pp. 33555.
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Shim, Jaemin (2018), ‘Mind the gap!: Comparing gender politics in Japan and Taiwan’, German Institute of Global and Area Studies, 5 November, https://pure.giga-hamburg.de/ws/files/21580585/gf_asien_1805_en.pdf. Accessed 16 September 2022.
  38. Shimada, Shingo (2000), Die Erfindung Japans: Kulturelle Wechselwirkung und nationale Identitätskonstruktion, Frankfurt am Main and New York: Campus Verlag.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Sorgner, Stefan Lorenz (2021), On Transhumanism, University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Souza, Eloisio Moulin de, Brewis, Jo and Rumens, Nick (2016), ‘Gender, the body and organization studies: Que(e)rying empirical research’, Gender, Work and Organization, 23:6, pp. 60013.
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Stone, Sandy (1991), ‘The empire strikes back: A posttranssexual manifesto’, in J. Epstein and K. Straub (eds), Body Guards: The Cultural Politics of Gender Ambiguity, New York: Routledge, pp. 280304.
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Suan, Stevie (2021), Anime’s Identity: Performativity and Form beyond Japan, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Tamagawa, Masami (2018), ‘Coming out of the closet in Japan: An exploratory sociological study’, Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 14:5, pp. 488518, https://doi.org/10.1080/1550428X.2017.1338172. Accessed 21 September 2022.
    [Google Scholar]
  44. ‘When the Sakura Blooms’ (2018), S. Kawai and A. Nishigori (dirs), Darling in the Franxx, Season 1 Episode 18 (19 May, Japan: Trigger and A-1 Pictures).
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1386/qsmpc_00115_1
Loading
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a success
Invalid data
An error occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error